By use of iterative design aided by predictive models for target affinity, brain permeability, and hERG activity, novel and diverse compounds based on cyclic amidine and guanidine cores were synthesized with the goal of finding BACE-1 inhibitors as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Since synthesis feasibility had low priority in the design of the cores, an extensive synthesis effort was needed to make the relevant compounds. Syntheses of these compounds are reported, together with physicochemical properties and structure-activity relationships based on in vitro data. Four crystal structures of diverse amidines binding in the active site are deposited and discussed. Inhibitors of BACE-1 with 3 mu M to 32 nM potencies in cells are shown, together with data on in vivo brain exposure levels for four compounds. The results presented show the importance of the core structure for the profile of the final compounds.
Discovery of long-acting N-(cyanomethyl)-N-alkyl-l-prolinamide inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV
Details of structure-activity relationships (SAR) for P2 moiety of a P1 2-cyanopyrrolidine dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor 4a including stereochemistry are presented. Based on this information, a series of PI (N-alkyl)aminoacetonitrile analogs 9-20 possessing optimal P2 structure were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of DPP-IV. Among them, a representative compound 11, N-(cyanomethyl)-N-ethyl-L-prolinamide, was further evaluated to determine its effect on the plasma glucose level. Also 4a, 10, and 11 were evaluated for their isozyme selectivity to predict their safety problems. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Brunken; Bach, Chemische Berichte, 1956, vol. 89, p. 1363,1370
作者:Brunken、Bach
DOI:——
日期:——
Schiff,H., Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1901, vol. 319, p. 301