Herein, the synthesis of (Z)-α,β-unsaturated nitriles by a sequential hydroformylation/Knoevenagel reaction has been first developed. A variety of crude α-olefins from Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, internal and special olefins, as well as alkynes could be transformed into value-added alkenyl nitriles (39 examples) up to 90% yield. Remarkably, compared with commonly used tedious multistep reactions, the
在此,首次开发了通过顺序加氢甲酰化/Knoevenagel 反应合成 ( Z )-α,β-不饱和腈。来自费-托合成的各种粗α-烯烃、内烯烃和特殊烯烃以及炔烃可以转化为增值的烯基腈(39 个例子),产率高达 90%。值得注意的是,与常用的繁琐的多步反应相比,一锅法的特点是原料便宜且容易获得,具有优异的化学选择性、区域选择性和立体选择性,反应条件非常温和,易于放大生产。
Manganese Catalyzed α-Olefination of Nitriles by Primary Alcohols
Catalytic α-olefination of nitriles using primary alcohols, via dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols with nitriles, is presented. The reaction is catalyzed by a pincer complex of an earth-abundant metal (manganese), in the absence of any additives, base, or hydrogen acceptor, liberating dihydrogen and water as the only byproducts.
The use of 2-phenyl-2-alkene nitriles as fragrance ingredients and fragrance applications comprising them. These fragrance applications can be e.g. perfumes, household products, laundry products, body care products and cosmetics.
A Ti4+-exchanged montmorillonite (Ti4+-mont) and a hydrotalcite (HT) are strong solid Brønsted acid and base, and these two clay catalysts could be used in a single reactor without neutralization of active sites. Because the Ti4+-mont have active acid site in the narrow interlayers, the base sites of large HT particles show no interaction with the acid sites. A variety of acid and base reactions, such as esterification, acetalization, deacetalization, aldol reaction, Michael reaction, and epoxidation, proceeded using both the Ti4+-mont and the HT in a single reactor.
Pyrenedione-Catalyzed α-Olefination of Nitriles under Visible-Light Photoredox Conditions