Barban is a crystalline solid. Water solubility is 11 ppm at 20°C. Used as a selective herbicide.
颜色/状态：
Crystalline solid
气味：
ODORLESS SOLID
闪点：
122 °F (Closed cup)
溶解度：
At 25 °C g/100 g solvent: benzene 32.7 g; n-butylbenzene 11.3 g; n-dodecane less than 0.1 g; n-hexane 0.14 g; isopropylbenzene less than 7.0 g; kerosene 0.39 g; toluene 25.7 g; 2,2,4-trimethylpentane more than 0.3 g; xylene 27.9 g; water 0.0011 g
蒸汽压力：
3.8X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C
稳定性/保质期：
避免与强酸、强碱、强氧化剂接触。
分解：
Technical decomposes at 224 °C.
腐蚀性：
Liq concn may cause corrosion of tin plate & mild steel at the liq-air interface; aluminum, phenolic-lined cans or glass are recommended for storage
When barban was orally administered to rats, hydroxylation and side-chain oxidation occurred. Chloro-aniline, 2-amino-4-chlorophenol and 4-amino-2-chlorophenol were excreted free & in conjugated form. Side-chain oxidation was only of minor importance in metabolism of barban. In addition to aniline & m-chloroaniline, hydroxycarbamate was found in blood & all organs. Urine contained p-aminophenol.
Plant metabolism of carbanilate herbicides has been shown to involve aryl hydroxylation and conjugation instead of hydrolysis. /Carbanilate Herbicides/
After treatment with barban, plants formed a water-soluble 3-chloroaniline compound. Related carbamates were found to form similar products. Another metabolite detected, also in a bound state, was 2-chloro-4-amino-phenol ... .
Barban is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Carbamates form unstable complexes with chlolinesterases by carbamoylation of the active sites of the enzymes. This inhibition is reversible. A cholinesterase inhibitor suppresses the action of acetylcholine esterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholine esterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop.
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类不具有致癌性（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Chronically high (>10 years) exposure leads to neuropsychological consequences including disturbances in perception and visuo-motor processing (A15321).
As with organophosphates, the signs and symptoms are based on excessive cholinergic stimulation. Unlike organophosphate poisoning, carbamate poisonings tend to be of shorter duration because the inhibition of nervous tissue acetylcholinesterase is reversible, and carbamates are more rapidly metabolized. Muscle weakness, dizziness, sweating and slight body discomfort are commonly reported early symptoms. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Contraction of the pupils with blurred vision, incoordination, muscle twitching and slurred speech have been reported. (L795)
When barban was orally administered to rats ... chloroaniline, 2-amino-4-chlorophenol and 4-amino-2-chlorophenol were excreted free and in conjugated form. ... In addition to aniline and m-chloroaniline, hydroxycarbamate was found in blood and all organs. Urine contained p-aminophenol.
1.周国泰，化学危险品安全技术全书，化学工业出版社，1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编，化学品毒性法规环境数据手册，中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
Method for the Production of N-Substituted (3-Dihalomethyl-1-Methyl-Pyrazole-4-yl) Carboxamides
申请人：Zierke Thomas
公开号：US20100174094A1
公开（公告）日：2010-07-08
The present invention relates to a process for preparing N-substituted (3-dihalomethylpyrazol-4-yl)carboxamides of the formula (I)
in which R
1
is optionally substituted phenyl or C
3
-C
7
-cycloalkyl, R
1a
is hydrogen or fluorine, or R
1a
together with R
1
is optionally substituted C
3
-C
5
-alkanediyl or C
5
-C
7
-cycloalkanediyl, R
2
is C
1
-C
6
-alkyl, C
2
-C
6
-alkenyl, C
2
-C
6
-alkynyl or C
1
-C
4
-alkoxy-C
1
-C
2
-alkyl, X is F or Cl and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; which comprises
A) providing a compound of the formula (II)
in which X is F or Cl, Y is Cl or Br and R
2
has one of the meanings given above and
B) reacting a compound of the formula (II) with carbon monoxide and a compound of the formula (III)
in which R
1
, R
1a
and n have one of the meanings given above; in the presence of a palladium catalyst;
to intermediates used for the preparation according to the process according to the invention, and also to processes for their preparation.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING SURFACE-MODIFIED BASE MATERIAL, METHOD FOR PRODUCING JOINED BODY, NEW HYDROSILANE COMPOUND, SURFACE TREATMENT AGENT, SURFACE TREATMENT AGENT KIT, AND SURFACE-MODIFIED BASE MATERIAL
申请人：KYOTO UNIVERSITY
公开号：US20170022223A1
公开（公告）日：2017-01-26
The method for producing a surface-modified base material according to the present invention includes a step of bringing a base material having a polar group present on a surface thereof into contact with a hydrosilane compound having a molecular structure A and having a Si—H group composed of a silicon atom of the molecular structure A and a hydrogen atom bonded to the silicon atom in the presence of a borane catalyst so as to allow a dehydrocondensation reaction to take place between the base material and the compound, thereby forming the base material surface-modified with the molecular structure A. This production method is capable of surface-modifying a base material at a lower temperature in a shorter time than conventional methods and allows a wide variety of options for the form, type, and application of the base material, the mode of the modification reaction, and the type of the molecular structure with which the base material is surface-modified.
Molecules having pesticidal utility, and intermediates, compositions, and processes, related thereto
申请人：Dow AgroSciences LLC
公开号：US20180279612A1
公开（公告）日：2018-10-04
This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”).
[EN] MOLECULES HAVING PESTICIDAL UTILITY, AND INTERMEDIATES, COMPOSITIONS, AND PROCESSES, RELATED THERETO<br/>[FR] MOLÉCULES PRÉSENTANT UNE UTILITÉ EN TANT QUE PESTICIDE, ET LEURS INTERMÉDIAIRES, COMPOSITIONS ET PROCÉDÉS
申请人：DOW AGROSCIENCES LLC
公开号：WO2017040194A1
公开（公告）日：2017-03-09
This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions aga inst such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula ("Formula One").
MOLECULES HAVING PESTICIDAL UTILITY, AND INTERMEDIATES, COMPOSITIONS, AND PROCESSES, RELATED THERETO
申请人：Dow AgroSciences LLC
公开号：US20170210723A1
公开（公告）日：2017-07-27
This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such molecules and compositions against such pests. These molecules and compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”).
