Remarkable Improvement Achieved by Imidazole Derivatives in Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydroesterification of Alkenes Using Formates
摘要:
Imidazole derivatives are revealed to be effective ligands in the Ru-catalyzed hydroesterification of alkenes using formates, affording one-carbon-elongated esters in high yields. Further, intramolecular hydroesterification was successfully performed to give lactones for the first time. Imidazole derivatives can contribute to promote the reaction as well as to suppress the undesired decarbonylation of formate. Toxic CO gas, a directing group, and large excess alkenes are not required.
Remarkable Improvement Achieved by Imidazole Derivatives in Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydroesterification of Alkenes Using Formates
摘要:
Imidazole derivatives are revealed to be effective ligands in the Ru-catalyzed hydroesterification of alkenes using formates, affording one-carbon-elongated esters in high yields. Further, intramolecular hydroesterification was successfully performed to give lactones for the first time. Imidazole derivatives can contribute to promote the reaction as well as to suppress the undesired decarbonylation of formate. Toxic CO gas, a directing group, and large excess alkenes are not required.
Imidazole Derivatives as Accelerators for Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydroesterification and Hydrocarbamoylation of Alkenes: Extensive Ligand Screening and Mechanistic Study
Imidazolederivatives are effective ligands for promoting the [Ru3(CO)12]‐catalyzed hydroesterification of alkenes using formates. Extensiveligandscreening was performed to identify 2‐hydroxymethylated imidazole as the optimal ligand. Neither carbon monoxide gas nor a directing group was required, and the reaction also showed a wide substrate generality. The Ru–imidazole catalyst system also promoted
Combustion resistant aromatic polymers containing char-forming benzyl and/or allyl moieties and a combustion retarding agent
申请人:THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
公开号:EP0003257A1
公开(公告)日:1979-08-08
The cnar-forming characteristics of aromatic polymers containing one or more combustion resistant components are improved by incorporating therein a polybenzyl, a polyallyl, or an allyl benzyl moiety. As an example, a styrene polymer comprising a halogenated comonomer such as bromostryene is rendered char-forming by the presence of copolymerized vinylbenzyl chloride in the styrene polymer. Such polymeric compositions are useful in the manufacture of shaped articles such as housings for electrical appli- cances.
Imidazole derivatives are revealed to be effective ligands in the Ru-catalyzed hydroesterification of alkenes using formates, affording one-carbon-elongated esters in high yields. Further, intramolecular hydroesterification was successfully performed to give lactones for the first time. Imidazole derivatives can contribute to promote the reaction as well as to suppress the undesired decarbonylation of formate. Toxic CO gas, a directing group, and large excess alkenes are not required.