Dehydration Reactions in Water. Surfactant-type Brønsted Acid-catalyzed Dehydrative Etherification, Thioetherification, and Dithioacetalization in Water
作者:Shu Kobayashi、Shinya Iimura、Kei Manabe
DOI:10.1246/cl.2002.10
日期:2002.1
Dehydration reactions such as etherification, thioetherification, and dithioacetalization are efficiently catalyzed by a surfactant-type Bronsted acid in water.
Dehydration reactions in water have been realized by a surfactant-type catalyst, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA). These reactions include dehydrative esterification, etherification, thioetherification, and dithioacetalization. In these reactions, DBSA and substrates form emulsion droplets whose interior is hydrophobic enough to exclude water molecules generated during the reactions. Detailed studies on the esterification revealed that the yields of esters were affected by temperature, amounts of DBSA used, and the substrates. Esters were obtained in high yields for highly hydrophobic substrates. On the basis of the difference in hydrophobicity of the substrates, unique selective esterification and etherification in water were attained. Furthermore, chemospecific, three-component reactions under DBSA-catalyzed conditions were also found to proceed smoothly. This work not only may lead to environmentally benign systems but also will provide a new aspect of organic chemistry in water.
Hydrophobic Polymer-Supported Catalyst for Organic Reactions in Water: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Thioesters and Transprotection of Thiols
作者:Shinya Iimura、Kei Manabe、Shū Kobayashi
DOI:10.1021/ol026906m
日期:2003.1.1
A hydrophobic polystyrene-supported sulfonic acid was found to be effective for hydrolysis of thioesters in pure water. It was revealed that the catalyst was much superior to other Bronsted acid catalysts. Transprotection of thiols from thioesters to thioethers has been successfully performed in water using this catalytic system.
Alkylation of thiols with trichloroacetimidates under neutral conditions
作者:Brian C. Duffy、Kyle T. Howard、John D. Chisholm
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.12.042
日期:2015.6
Trichloroacetimidates are displaced with thiols to form the corresponding sulfides without the need for an added acid or base by simply heating the reactants in refluxing THF. This operationally simple procedure provides the corresponding sulfides in excellent yields with only the formation of the neutral trichloroacetamide as the side product. The imidate may also be formed in situ, allowing for a direct method for the formation of sulfides from alcohols. This reaction provides a general method for the synthesis of a variety of sulfides from inexpensive and readily available alcohol starting materials. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.