2,2-Bis(2-methylpropyl)propanedioic acid | 4423-87-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: 2,2-Bis(2-methylpropyl)propanedioic acid
• 英文别名: diisobutyl-malonic acid；Diisobutyl-malonsaeure
• CAS: 4423-87-4
• 化学式: C₁₁H₂₀O₄
• 分子量: 216.277
• InChiKey: TXQLXNVQGYCSHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  357.5±25.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.080±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.7
• 重原子数：
  15
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.82
• 拓扑面积：
  74.6
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,2-Bis(2-methylpropyl)propanedioic acid 生成 2-isobutyl-4-methylpentanoic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Freylon, Annales de Chimie (Cachan, France), 1910, vol. <8>19, p. 566

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  异丁基丙二酸二甲酯 在 氢氧化钾 作用下， 生成 2,2-Bis(2-methylpropyl)propanedioic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Marshall, Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas, 1932, vol. 51, p. 234

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Pharmacological characterization of muscarinic receptors in mouse isolated urinary bladder smooth muscle
  作者：A Choppin、R M Eglen

  DOI：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704165

  日期：2001.8

  The pharmacological characteristics of muscarinic receptors in the male mice urinary bladder smooth muscle were studied. (+)‐Cis‐dioxolane, oxotremorine‐M, acetylcholine, carbachol and pilocarpine induced concentration‐dependent contractions of the urinary bladder smooth muscle (pEC50=6.6±0.1, 6.9±0.1, 6.7±0.1, 5.8±0.1 and 5.8±0.1, EMax=3.2±0.8 g, 2.7±0.4 g, 1.0±0.1 g, 2.7±0.3 and 0.9±0.2 g, respectively, n=4). These contractions were competitively antagonized by a range of muscarinic receptor antagonists (pKB values): atropine (9.22±0.09), pirenzepine (6.85±0.08), 4‐DAMP (8.42±0.14), methoctramine (5.96±0.05), p‐F‐HHSiD (7.48±0.09), tolterodine (8.89±0.13), AQ‐RA 741 (7.04±0.12), s‐secoverine (8.21±0.09), zamifenacin (8.30±0.17) and darifenacin (8.70±0.09). In this tissue, the pKB values correlated most favourably with pKi values for these compounds at human recombinant muscarinic M3 receptors. A significant correlation was also noted at human recombinant muscarinic m5 receptors given the poor discriminative ability of ligands between M3 and m5 receptors. In recontraction studies, in which the muscarinic M3 receptor population was decreased, and conditions optimized to study M2 receptor activation, methoctramine exhibited an affinity estimate consistent with muscarinic M3 receptors (pKB=6.23±0.14; pA2=6.16±0.03). Overall, these data study suggest that muscarinic M3 receptors are the predominant, if not the exclusive, subtype mediating contractile responses to muscarinic agonists in male mouse urinary bladder smooth muscle. British Journal of Pharmacology (2001) 133, 1035–1040; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704165

  以下为将文本翻译成中文后的版本： < Jays 列表列表类型="明确标签"> < Jays 列表项> 雄性小鼠膀胱平滑肌中毒蕈碱受体的药理学特性进行了研究。 < Jays 列表项> (+)‐Cis‐dioxolane, oxotremorine‐M, acetylcholine, carbachol 和 pilocarpine 引起膀胱平滑肌浓度依赖性收缩（pEC < Jays 子> 50 =6.6±0.1, 6.9±0.1, 6.7±0.1, 5.8±0.1 和 5.8±0.1, E < Jays 子> max =3.2±0.8 g, 2.7±0.4 g, 1.0±0.1 g, 2.7±0.3 和 0.9±0.2 g, 分别，n=4）。这些收缩作用被一系列毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂竞争性拮抗（pK < Jays 子> B 值）：atropine（9.22±0.09），pirenzepine（6.85±0.08），4‐DAMP（8.42±0.14），methoctramine（5.96±0.05），p‐F‐HHSiD（7.48±0.09），tolterodine（8.89±0.13），AQ‐RA 741（7.04±0.12），s‐secoverine（8.21±0.09），zamifenacin（8.30±0.17）和 darifenacin（8.70±0.09）。 < Jays 列表项> 在此组织中，pK < Jays 子> B 值与这些化合物在人源重组毒蕈碱 M < Jays 子> 3 受体上的 pK < Jays 子> i 值相关性最好。在人源重组毒蕈碱 m5 受体上也观察到显著相关性，因配体在 M < Jays 子> 3 和 m5 受体之间区分能力有限。 < Jays 列表项> 在重新收缩研究中，毒蕈碱 M < Jays 子> 3 受体群减少，并优化条件以研究 M < Jays 子> 2 受体激活时，methoctramine 的亲和力估计值与毒蕈碱 M < Jays 子> 3 受体一致（pK < Jays 子> B =6.23±0.14；pA < Jays 子> 2 =6.16±0.03）。 < Jays 列表项> 总体而言，这些数据研究表明，毒蕈碱 M < Jays 子> 3 受体是介导雄性小鼠膀胱平滑肌对毒蕈碱激动剂收缩反应的主要亚型，如果不是唯一的。 < Jays 突体> 英国药理学杂志 (2001) < Jays 粗体> 133 , 1035–1040; doi: < Jays 扩展链接 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" 扩展链接类型="doi" xlink:href="10.1038/sj.bjp.0704165"> 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704165 希望这段翻译对您有所帮助！
• Alkoxymagnesium, method for producing alkoxymagnesium, solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization, olefin polymerization catalyst, and method for producing olefin polymer
  申请人：TOHO TITANIUM CO., LTD.

  公开号：US11008408B2

  公开（公告）日：2021-05-18

  There is provided a novel alkoxymagnesium which, when used as a constituent of a solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization to polymerize an olefin, may reduce the formation rate of a fine powder and may form a polymer having an excellent particle size distribution under high polymerization activity. The alkoxymagnesium is characterized by comprising secondary particles each of which is an aggregate of primary particles having an average particle diameter of less than 1 μm and by having a ratio represented by the average particle diameter of the primary particles/the average particle diameter of the secondary particles of 0.1 or less, a total pore volume of 0.5 to 1 cm3/g, a specific surface area of less than 50 m2/g, and a particle size distribution index (SPAN) 1 or less.

  提供了一种新型的烷氧基镁，当用作固体催化剂组分的成分之一，用于聚合烯烃以聚合烯烃时，可以降低细粉末形成速率，并在高聚合活性下形成具有优异粒径分布的聚合物。该烷氧基镁的特征在于包含次级颗粒，每个次级颗粒是小于1μm的原颗粒聚集体，并且具有由原颗粒的平均粒径/次级颗粒的平均粒径表示的比率为0.1或以下，总孔体积为0.5至1 cm3/g，比表面积小于50 m2/g，粒径分布指数（SPAN）为1或以下。
• Flame retardants with high halogen content and low viscosity
  申请人：Albemarle Corporation

  公开号：EP2107079A2

  公开（公告）日：2009-10-07

  A flame retardant formulation which is the combination of at least (1) at least one bromine-containing polyol flame retardant formed from the reaction of (a) tetrabromophthalic anhydride, (b) an aliphatic polyol, and (c) an epoxide, and (2) at least one aliphatic diester of an alkane dicarboxylic acid, with the proviso that the formulation has a viscosity at 25°C of about 20,000 cps or less, and a bromine content of at least about 40 wt%. A flame retardant compound formed from A) tetrabromophthalic anhydride; B) diethylene glycol; C) at least one alpha-omega alkane diol, or at least one alpha-omega alkane diol and at least one aliphatic monool; and D) at least one alkylene oxide; with the proviso that the compound has a viscosity at 25°C of about 60,000 cps or less, and a bromine content of at least about 43 wt%. Polymer compositions formed from (a) a polyurethane or a polyisocyanurate and (b) a formulation of the invention. One process to make a formulation involves heating a mixture of (a), (b), and at least one liquid aliphatic diester of a alkane dicarboxylic acid to form an intermediate composition; and then the intermediate is contacted one or more times with (c) thereby producing the formulation. Optionally, excess (c) is removed.

  一种阻燃剂配方，它至少是以下物质的组合：(1)至少一种含溴多元醇阻燃剂，由(a)四溴邻苯二甲酸酐、(b)脂肪族多元醇和(c)环氧化物反应生成；(2)至少一种烷烃二羧酸脂肪族二酯，但该配方在 25°C 时的粘度约为 20°C、(2) 烷烃二羧酸的至少一种脂肪族二酯，但该制剂在 25°C 时的粘度不超过约 20,000 cps，溴含量不低于约 40 wt%。由以下物质形成的阻燃化合物：A) 四溴邻苯二甲酸酐；B) 二甘醇；C) 至少一种α-ω-烷二醇，或至少一种α-ω-烷二醇和至少一种脂族一元醇；以及 D) 至少一种环氧亚烷烃；但条件是该化合物在 25°C 时的粘度约为 60,000 cps 或更低，溴含量至少约为 43 wt%。由(a)聚氨酯或聚异氰脲酸酯和(b)本发明配方形成的聚合物组合物。制备配方的一种工艺包括加热(a)、(b)和至少一种烷烃二羧酸的液态脂肪族二酯类的混合物，以形成中间体组合物；然后将中间体与(c)接触一次或多次，从而制得配方。可选择去除多余的 (c)。
• METHOD FOR PRODUCING SOLID CATALYST COMPONENT FOR USE IN POLYMERIZATION OF OLEFIN, CATALYST FOR USE IN POLYMERIZATION OF OLEFIN, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING OLEFIN POLYMER
  申请人：Toho Titanium CO., LTD.

  公开号：EP2876118A1

  公开（公告）日：2015-05-27

  A method for producing a solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization produces a novel solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization that achieves excellent olefin polymerization activity and activity with respect to hydrogen during polymerization, and can produce an olefin polymer that exhibits a high MFR, high stereoregularity, and excellent rigidity. The method includes a first step that brings a magnesium compound, a tetravalent titanium halide compound, and one or more first internal electron donor compounds selected from specific aromatic dicarboxylic diesters into contact with each other to effect a reaction, followed by washing, a second step that brings a tetravalent titanium halide compound and one or more second internal electron donor compounds into contact with a product obtained by the first step to effect a reaction, followed by washing, and a third step that brings one or more third internal electron donor compounds into contact with a product obtained by the second step to effect a reaction.

  一种生产烯烃聚合用固体催化剂组分的方法可生产出一种新型的烯烃聚合用固体催化剂组分，该组分具有优异的烯烃聚合活性和聚合过程中对氢的活性，并可生产出具有高MFR、高立体规整度和优异刚性的烯烃聚合物。该方法包括第一步，使镁化合物、四价卤化钛化合物和一种或多种选自特定芳香族二羧酸二酯的第一内部电子供体化合物相互接触以发生反应，然后进行洗涤、第二步：使四价卤化钛化合物和一种或多种第二内部电子供体化合物与第一步得到的产物接触，以发生反应，然后进行洗涤；第三步：使一种或多种第三内部电子供体化合物与第二步得到的产物接触，以发生反应。
• PRODUCTION METHOD FOR SOLID CATALYST COMPONENT FOR POLYMERIZING OLEFINS, CATALYST FOR POLYMERIZING OLEFINS, AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR POLYMERIZED OLEFINS
  申请人：TOHO TITANIUM CO., LTD.

  公开号：EP2963063A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-01-06

  A method for producing a solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization produces a novel solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization that achieves excellent olefin polymerization activity and activity with respect to hydrogen during polymerization, and can produce an olefin polymer that exhibits a high MFR, high stereoregularity, and excellent rigidity. The method includes a first step that brings a magnesium compound, a tetravalent titanium halide compound, and one or more first internal electron donor compounds excluding an aromatic dicarboxylic acid diester into contact with each other to effect a reaction, followed by washing; a second step that brings a tetravalent titanium halide compound and one or more second internal electron donor compounds into contact with a product obtained by the first step to effect a reaction, followed by washing; and a third step that brings one or more third internal electron donor compounds into contact with a product obtained by the second step to effect a reaction.

  一种生产烯烃聚合用固体催化剂组分的方法可生产出一种新型的烯烃聚合用固体催化剂组分，该组分具有优异的烯烃聚合活性和聚合过程中对氢的活性，并可生产出具有高MFR、高立体规整度和优异刚性的烯烃聚合物。该方法包括第一步，使镁化合物、四价卤化钛化合物和一种或多种第一内部电子供体化合物（不包括芳香族二羧酸二酯）相互接触以发生反应，然后进行洗涤；第二步，使四价卤化钛化合物和一种或多种第二内部电子供体化合物与第一步得到的产物接触，以发生反应，然后进行洗涤；以及第三步，使一种或多种第三内部电子供体化合物与第二步得到的产物接触，以发生反应。