(E)-3-methylpent-2-enedioic acid | 372-42-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: (E)-3-methylpent-2-enedioic acid
• 英文别名: trans-3-methylglutaconic aciduria；β-methylglutaconic acid；trans-3-methylglutaconic acid；3-methylpent-2-enedioic acid；(E)-3-methylglutaconic acid；3-methylglutaconic acid
• CAS: 372-42-9
• 化学式: C₆H₈O₄
• mdl: MFCD01556044
• 分子量: 144.127
• InChiKey: WKRBKYFIJPGYQC-DUXPYHPUSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  137-143°C
• 物理描述：
  Solid

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.3
• 重原子数：
  10
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  74.6
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  4

ADMET

毒理性

• 毒性总结

体内3-甲基戊二酸的积累已被证明是有毒的。3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A水合酶参与3-甲基戊二酸的代谢过程。当患者缺乏这种酶时，体内会积累3-甲基戊二酸，尿液中会出现大量的3-甲基戊二酸。（维基百科）。

Accumulation of 3-methylglutaconic acid in the body has been shown to be toxic. 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase is involved in the metabolism process of 3-methylglutaconic acid. 3-Methylglutaconic acid accumulates in patients with a deficiency of this enzyme and a large amount of 3-methylglutaconic acid appear in urine. (Wikipedia).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类无致癌性（未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

慢性高水平的3-甲基戊二酸至少与5种遗传性代谢缺陷有关，包括：3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸辅酶A裂解酶缺乏症、3-甲基戊二酸尿症I型、3-甲基戊二酸尿症III型、3-甲基戊二酸尿症IV型和胍乙酸甲基转移酶缺乏症（GAMT缺乏症）。

Chronically high levels of 3-methylglutaconic acid are associated with at least 5 inborn errors of metabolism including: 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Lyase Deficiency, 3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Type I, 3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Type III, 3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Type IV and Guanidinoacetate Methyltransferase Deficiency (GAMT Deficiency).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

安全信息

• WGK Germany：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (E)-3-methylpent-2-enedioic acid 生成 dimethyl β-methylgluconate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  114.熔融碳环。第九部分 立体异构体的1-甲基的合成环2 -二羧酸和各种甲基的：己烷- 1环hexanecarboxylicacetic酸。角甲基对其酸酐稳定性的影响

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1039/jr9360000478
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3-ethoxy-3-methyl-cyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 在 氢碘酸 作用下， 生成 (E)-3-methylpent-2-enedioic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Goss; Ingold; Thorpe, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1923, vol. 123, p. 360

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• CONJUGATE-BASED ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL PRODRUGS
  申请人：Bapat Abhijit S.

  公开号：US20140364595A1

  公开（公告）日：2014-12-11

  The invention provides conjugate-based antifungal or antibacterial prodrugs formed by coupling at least one anti-fungal agent or antibacterial agent with at least one linker and/or carrier. The prodrugs are of formula: (i) (AFA) m -X-(L) n ; (ii) [(AFA) m′ -X] p -L; (iii) AFA-[X-(L) n′ ] q ; or (iv) (AFA) m″ -X, wherein: AFA is an antifungal agent or an antibacterial agent; L is a carrier; X is a linker; m ranges from 1 to 10; n ranges from 2 to 10; m′ is 1 to 10; p is 1 to 10; n′ is 1 to 10; and q is 1 to 10, provided that q′ and n are not both 1; and m″ is 1 to 10. The invention also provides nanoparticles comprising the conjugate-based prodrugs. Additionally, the invention also provides non-conjugated antifungal and antibacterial agents in the form of nanoparticles.

  该发明提供了由至少一种抗真菌剂或抗菌剂与至少一种连接剂和/或载体偶联形成的基于共轭的抗真菌或抗菌前药。这些前药的公式为：(i) (AFA) m -X-(L) n ; (ii) [(AFA) m′ -X] p -L; (iii) AFA-[X-(L) n′ ] q ; 或 (iv) (AFA) m″ -X，其中：AFA是抗真菌剂或抗菌剂；L是载体；X是连接剂；m范围从1到10；n范围从2到10；m′为1到10；p为1到10；n′为1到10；q为1到10，前提是q'和n不同时为1；m″为1到10。该发明还提供了包含基于共轭的前药的纳米粒子。此外，该发明还提供了以纳米粒子形式的非共轭抗真菌和抗菌剂。
• Facile Synthesis of Anhydromevalonolactone from Ethyl Acetoacetate
  作者：A. Nangia、B. Madhusudan Rao、G. Prasuna

  DOI：10.1080/00397919208019258

  日期：1992.2

  Abstract Ethyl acetoacetate was transformed to 3-methylglutaconic anhydride, which upon LAH reduction and Jones oxidation afforded anhydromevalonolactone.

  摘要 乙酰乙酸乙酯转化为 3-甲基戊二酸酐，经 LAH 还原和琼斯氧化得到脱水甲羟戊酸内酯。
• [EN] POLYMERS PREPARED FROM MEVALONOLACTONE AND DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] POLYMÈRES PRÉPARÉS À PARTIR DE LA MÉVALONOLACTONE ET DE SES DÉRIVÉS
  申请人：VISOLIS INC

  公开号：WO2016077555A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-05-19

  Described herein polymer precursor compounds (aka polymer building blocks) of derived from biobased compounds, and specifically biobased mevalonolactone and its related derivatives. Through oxidation these biobased precursors can be reacted to yield building blocks for (unsaturated-) polyesters, polyester polyols and polyamides, as well as precursors for glycidyl esters and omega-alkenyl esters. Through reduction, these biobased precursors can be reacted to yield building blocks for (unsaturated-) polyesters, polyester polyols, polycarbonates, as well as precursors for glycidyl ethers and omega-alkenyl ethers. Through nucleophilic ring opening and/or amidation, these biobased precursors can be reacted to yield building blocks for polyester polyols, chain-extender for polyurethanes, or polyester-amides.

  本文描述了从生物基化合物中衍生的聚合物前体化合物（又称聚合物构建模块），特别是生物基美伐酮内酯及其相关衍生物。通过氧化，这些生物基前体可以被反应生成（不饱和的）聚酯、聚酯多元醇和聚酰胺的构建模块，以及环氧酯和ω-烯基酯的前体。通过还原，这些生物基前体可以被反应生成（不饱和的）聚酯、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯的构建模块，以及环氧醚和ω-烯基醚的前体。通过亲核环开和/或酰胺化，这些生物基前体可以被反应生成聚酯多元醇的构建模块，聚氨酯的扩链剂，或聚酯酰胺。
• Catalytic Asymmetric Tamura Cycloadditions
  作者：Francesco Manoni、Stephen J. Connon

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201309297

  日期：2014.3.3

  In the presence of a novel, tert‐butyl‐substituted squaramide‐based catalyst, enolizable anhydrides react with alkylidene oxindoles to generate spirooxindole products of significant synthetic interest with excellent enantio‐ and diastereocontrol. The methodology is of wide scope and encompasses both homophthalic and glutaconic anhydride derivatives, which lead to structurally diverse products. Glutaconic

  在新型的基于叔丁基取代的方酸酰胺的催化剂的存在下，可烯醇化的酸酐与亚烷基氧吲哚反应生成具有重要对映体和非对映体控制意义的具有重要合成意义的螺并吲哚产物。该方法学范围很广，包括均苯二酸酐和戊二酸酐衍生物，它们导致结构上多样化的产品。谷氨酸衍生的酸酐经过干净的环化后脱羧过程，这不是涉及高邻苯二甲酸衍生的酸酐的反应的特征。已探究了反应温度对非对映异构体控制的异常影响，反应发生在30°C和-30°C下，仅在一个立体中心提供差向异构体的产物，接近光学纯度。
• POLYMERS PREPARED FROM MEVALONOLACTONE AND DERIVATIVES
  申请人：Visolis, Inc.

  公开号：US20160130389A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-05-12

  Described herein polymer precursor compounds (aka polymer building blocks) of derived from biobased compounds, and specifically biobased mevalonolactone and its related derivatives. Through oxidation these biobased precursors can be reacted to yield building blocks for (unsaturated-) polyesters, polyester polyols and polyamides, as well as precursors for glycidyl esters and omega-alkenyl esters. Through reduction, these biobased precursors can be reacted to yield building blocks for (unsaturated-) polyesters, polyester polyols, polycarbonates, as well as precursors for glycidyl ethers and omega-alkenyl ethers. Through nucleophilic ring opening and/or amidation, these biobased precursors can be reacted to yield building blocks for polyester polyols, chain-extender for polyurethanes, or polyester-amides.

  本文描述了从生物基化合物中衍生出的聚合物前体化合物（又称聚合物构建块），特别是生物基美瓦酮内酯及其相关衍生物。通过氧化，这些生物基前体可以反应产生（不饱和）聚酯、聚酯多元醇和聚酰胺的构建块，以及环氧酯和ω-烯基酯的前体。通过还原，这些生物基前体可以反应产生（不饱和）聚酯、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯的构建块，以及环氧醚和ω-烯基醚的前体。通过亲核环开和/或酰胺化，这些生物基前体可以反应产生聚酯多元醇、聚氨酯的链延长剂，或聚酯酰胺的构建块。

表征谱图