Homo- and hetero-bivalent edrophonium-like ammonium salts as highly potent, dual binding site AChE inhibitors
摘要:
A number of mono- and bis-quaternary ammonium salts, containing edrophonium-like and coumarin moieties tethered by an appropriate linker, proved to be highly potent and selective dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with good selectivity over butyrylcholinesterase. Homobivalent bis-quaternary inhibitors 11 and 12, differing by only one methylene unit in the linker, were the most potent and selective inhibitors exhibiting a sub-nanomolar affinity (IC50 = 0.49 and 0.17 nM, respectively) and a high butyryl-/acetylcholinesterase affinity ratio (SI = 1465 and 4165, respectively). The corresponding hetero-bivalent coumarinic inhibitors 13 and 14 were also endowed with excellent inhibitory potency but a lower AChE selectivity (IC50 = 2.1 and 1.0 nM, and SI = 505 and 708, respectively). Docking simulations enabled clear interpretation of the structure-affinity relationships and detection of key binding interactions at the primary and peripheral AChE binding sites. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
To provide a novel diamine, and a polyimide precursor and a polyimide using it. A diamine represented by the formula (1):
wherein each of X
1
and X
5
which are independent of each other, is a single bond or the like; each of X
2
and X
4
which are independent of each other, is —CH
2
— or the like; X
3
is a C
1-6
alkylene or the like; each of Y
1
and Y
2
which are independent of each other, is a single bond or the like; R is a C
1-20
linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group; and a is 0 or 1).
Disazoverbindungen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Farbmittel
申请人:HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
公开号:EP0024702A2
公开(公告)日:1981-03-11
Symmetrische und asymmetrische Disazoverbindungen der Formel
worin R1 gleich oder verschieden ist und Wasserstoff, Chlor oder Brom, Methyl oder Methoxy bedeutet, R2, das gleich oder verschieden ist, entweder Wasserstoff oder wenn das dem gleichen Ringsystem zugehörige R1 Wasserstoff ist, auch Methyl oder Äthyl ist, und n 1-4 ist, und deren Gemische werden erhalten, wenn man ein Diamin der Formel
bisdiazotiert und auf eine oder mehrere Kupplungskomponenten der Formel
kuppelt. Die Verbindungen eignen sich als Farbmittel, insbesondere zum Pigmentieren von hochmolekularem organischem Material.
A process for producing an aryl carbamate of a high purity at a high yield by reacting a diaryl carbonate with an amine compound having one or more hydrogen atoms bonded to the N position in the presence of carboxylic acid(s) of the following general formulae (I): R1-COOH and/or (II): R2-COOH (wherein R1 represents an alkyl or cycloalkyl group having a carbon atom at the α-position, which is bonded to only one hydrogen atom, and R2 represents an alkyl group having a carbon atom at the α-position, which is not bonded to a hydrogen atom).
To provide a novel diamine, and a polyimide precursor and a polyimide using it. A diamine represented by the formula (1):
wherein each of X1 and X5 which are independent of each other, is a single bond or the like; each of X2 and X4 which are independent of each other, is —CH2— or the like; X3 is a C1-6 alkylene or the like; each of Y1 and Y2 which are independent of each other, is a single bond or the like; R is a C1-20 linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group; and a is 0 or 1).