Nonreductive Desulfenylation of 3-Indolyl Sulfides. Improved Syntheses of 2-Substituted Indoles and 2-Indolyl Sulfides
摘要:
Desulfenylation of 3-indolyl sulfides to the corresponding 3-unsubstituted indoles is usually carried out under reductive conditions, thus accommodating only substituents which are resistant to reduction. We have developed a nonreductive procedure for removal of a sulfide at the 3-position of indoles, using trifluoroacetic acid in the presence of a thiol as trapping agent, which is compatible with a large array of functionalities on the indole ring. In addition, the desulfenylation occurs selectively at the 3-position of the indole, and sulfide groups at other positions of the molecule remain untouched. Thus, indole 2,3-bis-sulfides are selectively desulfenylated at the 3-position, affording 3-unsubstituted 2-indolyl sulfides. This methodology broadens the use of sulfide as a protecting group for the 3-position of indoles.
Acid-catalyzed isomerization of 3-indolyl sulfides to 2-indolyl sulfides: first synthesis of 3-unsubstituted 2-arylthioindoles. Evidence for a complex intermolecular process
作者:Pierre Hamel、Yves Girard、Joseph G. Atkinson
DOI:10.1021/jo00035a029
日期:1992.4
The acid-catalyzed isomerization of 3-indolyl sulfides 1 to the corresponding 2-indolyl sulfides 4 provides the first synthesis of 3-unsubstituted 2-(arylthio)indoles, a hitherto unattainable class of compounds. When catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid, the isomerization proceeds mainly via an intermolecular mechanism involving initial disproportionation to a 2,3-indolyl bis-sulfide 5 and an unsubstituted counterpart 6 followed by further interaction of these species to yield the rearranged isomer 4. A mechanism is proposed involving a role for the acid in the sulfenyl-transfer steps. This type of process also occurs, to a lesser extent, in the polyphosphoric acid catalyzed isomerization.
ISHIZUKA, NATSUKI, J. CHEM. SOC. PT 1. PERKIN TRANS.,(1990) N, C. 813-826
作者:ISHIZUKA, NATSUKI
DOI:——
日期:——
Nonreductive Desulfenylation of 3-Indolyl Sulfides. Improved Syntheses of 2-Substituted Indoles and 2-Indolyl Sulfides
作者:Pierre Hamel、Nicolas Zajac、Joseph G. Atkinson、Yves Girard
DOI:10.1021/jo00100a045
日期:1994.10
Desulfenylation of 3-indolyl sulfides to the corresponding 3-unsubstituted indoles is usually carried out under reductive conditions, thus accommodating only substituents which are resistant to reduction. We have developed a nonreductive procedure for removal of a sulfide at the 3-position of indoles, using trifluoroacetic acid in the presence of a thiol as trapping agent, which is compatible with a large array of functionalities on the indole ring. In addition, the desulfenylation occurs selectively at the 3-position of the indole, and sulfide groups at other positions of the molecule remain untouched. Thus, indole 2,3-bis-sulfides are selectively desulfenylated at the 3-position, affording 3-unsubstituted 2-indolyl sulfides. This methodology broadens the use of sulfide as a protecting group for the 3-position of indoles.
Ishizuka, Natsuki, Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions I, 1990, # 4, p. 813 - 826