methyl 2-amino-2-phenylbutanoate | 76142-47-7

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: methyl 2-amino-2-phenylbutanoate
• 英文别名: 2-amino-2-phenyl-butyric acid, methyl ester
• CAS: 76142-47-7
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₅NO₂
• mdl: MFCD12151671
• 分子量: 193.246
• InChiKey: URYMDIRNRNJHAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  272.5±20.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.074±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.6
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.363
• 拓扑面积：
  52.3
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  methyl 2-amino-2-phenylbutanoate 在 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 生成 2-氨基-2-苯基丁酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Structure-Activity Study of Tripeptide Thrombin Inhibitors Using .alpha.-Alkyl Amino Acids and Other Conformationally Constrained Amino Acid Substitutions

  摘要：

  In our continuing effort to design novel thrombin inhibitors, a series of conformationally constrained amino acids (e.g. alpha-alkyl, N-alkyl cyclic, etc.) were utilized in a systematic structure-activity study of the P3, P2, and P1 positions of tripeptide arginal thrombin inhibitors. Early examples of this effort include: D-MePhe-Pro-Arg-H (15), Boc-D-Phg-Pro-Arg-H (18), D-1-Tiq-Pro-Arg-H (23, D-1-Tiq D-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-ylcarbonyl), and Boc-D-Phe-Pro-Arg-H (25).(10a,20) The current work clarifies the contribution of each residue of the tripeptide arginals toward the potent and selective inhibition of thrombin relative to that of t-PA and plasmin. The alpha-methylarginal modification in the P1 residue resulted in analogs 30 (D-MePhe at P3) and 32 (D-1-Tiq at P3) which had lower potency toward thrombin while exhibiting improved selectivity. Analogs modified at the P2 site were found to be very sensitive to the conformational changes induced by variations in side chain ring size with the flexible pipecolinic acid 31 being 2 orders of magnitude less potent at thrombin inhibition than the conformationally constrained azetidine analog 20. Examination of the P3 binding region indicated that alpha-alkylphenylglycine residues resulted in a tendency to exhibit substantial improvements in selectivity over the nonalkylated residues. Combinations of optimal P3 and P2 changes led to compounds TFA-D-Phg(alpha Et)-Azt-Arg-H (16), TFA-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Azt-Arg-H (17), Ac-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Azt-Arg-H (21), TFA-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Pro-Arg-H (27), 30, and 32, which are clearly more selective for thrombin versus plasmin than the nonconformationally constrained compounds.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm00022a009
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  methyl 2-((diphenylmethylene)amino)-2-phenylacetate 在 盐酸 、 18-冠醚-6 、 potassium hydride 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 生成 methyl 2-amino-2-phenylbutanoate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Structure-Activity Study of Tripeptide Thrombin Inhibitors Using .alpha.-Alkyl Amino Acids and Other Conformationally Constrained Amino Acid Substitutions

  摘要：

  In our continuing effort to design novel thrombin inhibitors, a series of conformationally constrained amino acids (e.g. alpha-alkyl, N-alkyl cyclic, etc.) were utilized in a systematic structure-activity study of the P3, P2, and P1 positions of tripeptide arginal thrombin inhibitors. Early examples of this effort include: D-MePhe-Pro-Arg-H (15), Boc-D-Phg-Pro-Arg-H (18), D-1-Tiq-Pro-Arg-H (23, D-1-Tiq D-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-ylcarbonyl), and Boc-D-Phe-Pro-Arg-H (25).(10a,20) The current work clarifies the contribution of each residue of the tripeptide arginals toward the potent and selective inhibition of thrombin relative to that of t-PA and plasmin. The alpha-methylarginal modification in the P1 residue resulted in analogs 30 (D-MePhe at P3) and 32 (D-1-Tiq at P3) which had lower potency toward thrombin while exhibiting improved selectivity. Analogs modified at the P2 site were found to be very sensitive to the conformational changes induced by variations in side chain ring size with the flexible pipecolinic acid 31 being 2 orders of magnitude less potent at thrombin inhibition than the conformationally constrained azetidine analog 20. Examination of the P3 binding region indicated that alpha-alkylphenylglycine residues resulted in a tendency to exhibit substantial improvements in selectivity over the nonalkylated residues. Combinations of optimal P3 and P2 changes led to compounds TFA-D-Phg(alpha Et)-Azt-Arg-H (16), TFA-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Azt-Arg-H (17), Ac-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Azt-Arg-H (21), TFA-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Pro-Arg-H (27), 30, and 32, which are clearly more selective for thrombin versus plasmin than the nonconformationally constrained compounds.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm00022a009

文献信息

• Rh(II)-Catalyzed Reactions of Diazoesters with Organozinc Reagents
  作者：Robert Panish、Ramajeyam Selvaraj、Joseph M. Fox

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01836

  日期：2015.8.21

  Rh(II)-catalyzed reactions of diazoesters with organozinc reagents are described. Diorganozinc reagents participate in reactions with diazo compounds by two distinct, catalyst-dependent mechanisms. With bulky diisopropylethyl acetate ligands, the reaction mechanism is proposed to involve initial formation of a Rh-carbene and subsequent carbozincation to give a zinc enolate. With Rh2(OAc)4, it is proposed that initial

  描述了Rh（II）催化的重氮酸酯与有机锌试剂的反应。二有机锌试剂通过两种不同的依赖催化剂的机理参与与重氮化合物的反应。对于大体积的乙酸二异丙基乙酯配体，提出了反应机理，包括最初形成Rh-卡宾并随后进行碳羰基化以生成烯醇锌。对于Rh 2（OAc）4，提出在有机锌试剂加成1，2-之前先形成initial嗪。这种直接生成straightforward的途径为通过Paul-Knorr与1,3-二酮的缩合反应制备手性季α-氨基酯或吡唑提供了一种有用的方法。交叉和氘标记实验为提出的机制提供了证据。
• Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Intramolecular 1,1‐Oxyamination of Alkenes with Protected Amino Acids to Produce Oxazoloisoindole‐2,5‐diones
  作者：Hiroto Takahashi、Yuki Nagashima、Ken Tanaka

  DOI：10.1002/ejoc.202100143

  日期：2021.3.26

  electron‐deficient bis(ethoxycarbonyl)‐substituted cyclopentadienyl (CpE) rhodium(III) complex catalyzes the oxidative intramolecular 1,1‐oxyamination of alkenes with N‐benzoyl amino acids to produce oxazoloisoindole‐2,5‐diones. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies revealed that this oxidative 1,1‐oxyamination proceeds via not the aza‐Wacker reaction but the formation of a rhoda(III)oxazolidine initiated

  已经确定，缺电子的双（乙氧羰基）取代的环戊二烯基（Cp E）铑（III）配合物可催化烯烃与N-苯甲酰氨基酸的氧化性1,1-氧胺化反应，生成恶唑并异吲哚-2,5- diones。实验和理论机理研究表明，这种氧化的1,1–氧胺化反应不是通过aza-Wacker反应，而是通过羧酸定向的N-H键断裂引发的Rhoda（III）恶唑烷的形成而进行的。
• Advancing <i>Meta</i>-Selective C–H Amination through Non-Covalent Interactions
  作者：Qianqian Lv、Zongxing Hu、Yousong Zhang、Zhihan Zhang、Honghui Lei

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.3c09904

  日期：2024.1.24

  Regioselective C–H amination of simple arenes is highly desirable, but accessing meta-sites of ubiquitous arenes has proven challenging due to the lack of both electronic and spatial preference. This study demonstrates the successful use of various privileged nitrogen-containing functionalities found in pharmaceutical compounds to direct meta-C–H amination of arenes, overcoming the long-standing requirement

  简单芳烃的区域选择性 C-H 胺化是非常理想的，但由于缺乏电子和空间偏好，访问普遍存在的芳烃的元位点已被证明具有挑战性。这项研究证明了成功地利用药物化合物中发现的各种独特的含氮官能团来指导芳烃的间-C-H胺化，克服了长期以来对冗余导向基团的要求。通过发现前所未有的有机引发剂和非共价相互作用的战略利用，在精确区域化学控制的官能团调节方面取得了显着进展。该方案已成功应用于药物分子的简洁合成和后期衍生化，否则这是很难实现的。
• Structure-Activity Study of Tripeptide Thrombin Inhibitors Using .alpha.-Alkyl Amino Acids and Other Conformationally Constrained Amino Acid Substitutions
  作者：Robert T. Shuman、Robert B. Rothenberger、Charles S. Campbell、Gerald F. Smith、Donetta S. Gifford-Moore、Jonathan W. Paschal、Paul D. Gesellchen

  DOI：10.1021/jm00022a009

  日期：1995.10

  In our continuing effort to design novel thrombin inhibitors, a series of conformationally constrained amino acids (e.g. alpha-alkyl, N-alkyl cyclic, etc.) were utilized in a systematic structure-activity study of the P3, P2, and P1 positions of tripeptide arginal thrombin inhibitors. Early examples of this effort include: D-MePhe-Pro-Arg-H (15), Boc-D-Phg-Pro-Arg-H (18), D-1-Tiq-Pro-Arg-H (23, D-1-Tiq D-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-ylcarbonyl), and Boc-D-Phe-Pro-Arg-H (25).(10a,20) The current work clarifies the contribution of each residue of the tripeptide arginals toward the potent and selective inhibition of thrombin relative to that of t-PA and plasmin. The alpha-methylarginal modification in the P1 residue resulted in analogs 30 (D-MePhe at P3) and 32 (D-1-Tiq at P3) which had lower potency toward thrombin while exhibiting improved selectivity. Analogs modified at the P2 site were found to be very sensitive to the conformational changes induced by variations in side chain ring size with the flexible pipecolinic acid 31 being 2 orders of magnitude less potent at thrombin inhibition than the conformationally constrained azetidine analog 20. Examination of the P3 binding region indicated that alpha-alkylphenylglycine residues resulted in a tendency to exhibit substantial improvements in selectivity over the nonalkylated residues. Combinations of optimal P3 and P2 changes led to compounds TFA-D-Phg(alpha Et)-Azt-Arg-H (16), TFA-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Azt-Arg-H (17), Ac-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Azt-Arg-H (21), TFA-D-Phg(alpha Me)-Pro-Arg-H (27), 30, and 32, which are clearly more selective for thrombin versus plasmin than the nonconformationally constrained compounds.