Novel anthracycline-spacer-β-glucuronide, -β-glucoside, and -β-galactoside prodrugs for application in selective chemotherapy
摘要:
A series of anthracycline prodrugs containing an immolative spacer was synthesized for application in selective chemotherapy. The prodrugs having the general structure anthracycline-spacer-beta-glycoside were designed to be activated by beta-glucuronidase or beta-galactosidase. Prodrugs with -chloro, bromo or -n-hexyl substituents on the spacer were synthesized as well as prodrugs containing a -beta-glucuronyl, -beta-glucosyl or -beta-galactosyl carbamate specifier. The key step in the synthesis of all prodrugs is the highly beta-diastereoselective addition reaction of the anomeric hydroxyl of a glycosyl donor to a spacer isocyanate resulting in the respective beta-glycosyl carbamate pro-moieties. The resulting protected pro-moieties were coupled to an anthracycline. Prodrugs were evaluated with respect to activation rate by the appropriate enzyme and additionally, their IC50 values were determined. Optimal prodrugs in this study were at least 100- to 200-fold less toxic than their corresponding drug in vitro and were activated to the parent drug in a half-life time of approximately 2 h. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
.A protocol for Pd-catalyzed intra- and intermolecular 2,5-alkoxyarylation reactions of furans to diastereospecifically synthesize two series of spirooxindoles is reported. This protocol likely involves an intramolecular dearomatizing Heck-type [small alpha]-arylation of...
Carbonylation of Doubly Lithiated<i>N</i>′-Aryl-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylureas: A Novel Approach to Isatins via Intramolecular Trapping of Acyllithiums
作者:Keith Smith、Gamal A. El-Hiti、Anthony C. Hawes
DOI:10.1055/s-2003-41019
日期:——
Lithiation of N′-(2-bromoaryl)-N,N-dimethylureas with methyllithium and tert-butyllithium under nitrogen in anhydrous THF at 0 °C gave doubly lithiated arylurea derivatives, which react with carbon monoxide at 0 °C to give isatins in good yields. The scope of the reaction has been demonstrated by application to the synthesis of isatin itself and four substituted isatins bearing alkyl, chloro or fluoro
N'-(2-溴芳基)-N,N-二甲基脲与甲基锂和叔丁基锂在氮气下在无水 THF 中 0 °C 锂化得到双锂化芳基脲衍生物,其在 0 °C 下与一氧化碳反应生成靛红良好的产量。该反应的范围已通过应用于合成靛红本身和四个带有烷基、氯或氟基团的取代的靛红来证明。
IL-12 modulatory compounds
申请人:Sun Lijun
公开号:US20060223996A1
公开(公告)日:2006-10-05
The invention relates to heterocyclic compounds, compositions including the compounds and methods of using and methods of making thereof. The compounds (and compositions) are useful, inter alia, in modulating IL-12 production and processes mediated by IL-12.
The invention relates to heterocyclic compounds, compositions including the compounds and methods of using and methods of making thereof. The compounds (and compositions) are useful, inter alia, in modulating IL-12 production and processes mediated by IL-12.
Divergent Pd-catalyzed Functionalization of 4-Oxazolin-2-ones and 4-Methylene-2-oxazolidinones and Synthesis of Heterocyclic-Fused Indoles
作者:Daniel Yescas-Galicia、Rodrigo A. Restrepo-Osorio、Ailyn N. García-González、Roberto I. Hernández-Benítez、José C. Espinoza-Hicks、Carlos H. Escalante、Edson Barrera、Blanca M. Santoyo、Francisco Delgado、Joaquín Tamariz
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.2c01563
日期:2022.10.7
Palladium-catalyzed functionalization was presently performed on two building blocks: 4-oxazolin-2-ones and 4-methylene-2-oxazolidinones. Direct Heck arylation of 4-oxazolin-2-ones led to a series of 5-aryl-4-oxazolin-2-ones, including analogues with N-chiral auxiliary, in an almost quantitative yield. The Pd(II)-catalyzed homocoupling reaction of 4-oxazolin-2-ones provided novel heterocyclic across-ring