2-甲基丁酸酯 | 5749-49-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 中文名称: 2-甲基丁酸酯
• 英文名称: 2-methylbutyrate
• 英文别名: 2-methylbutanoate
• CAS: 5749-49-5
• 化学式: C₅H₉O₂
• 分子量: 101.125
• InChiKey: WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.8
• 重原子数：
  7
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.8
• 拓扑面积：
  40.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2-甲基丁酸酯 在 一氧化碳 、 百草枯 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 2-甲基丁醇
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Simon, Helmut; White, Hiltrud; Lebertz, Herbert, Angewandte Chemie, 1987, vol. 99, # 8, p. 785 - 787

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (E)-2-methyl-2-butenoate 在 一氧化碳 、 百草枯 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 2-甲基丁酸酯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Simon, Helmut; White, Hiltrud; Lebertz, Herbert, Angewandte Chemie, 1987, vol. 99, # 8, p. 785 - 787

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Benzopiperidine derivatives
  申请人：Eisai Co., Ltd.

  公开号：US06518423B1

  公开（公告）日：2003-02-11

  Benzopiperidine derivatives represented by formula (I), salts thereof or hydrates thereof, processes for producing the same and drugs comprising the same: wherein the variables are as described in the specification. These compounds are useful as drugs efficacious in the prevention and treatment of these various inflammatory diseases and immunologic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, asthma, and rejection reaction accompanying organ transplantation.

  公式（I）所代表的苯并哌啶衍生物，其盐或水合物，制备方法以及包含它们的药物：其中变量如说明书中所述。这些化合物可用作药物，在预防和治疗各种炎症性疾病和免疫性疾病方面具有疗效，如类风湿性关节炎、特应性皮炎、银屑病、哮喘和器官移植伴随的排斥反应。
• Characterization of the Formation of Branched Short-Chain Fatty Acid:CoAs for Bitter Acid Biosynthesis in Hop Glandular Trichomes
  作者：Haiyang Xu、Fengxia Zhang、Baoxiu Liu、David V. Huhman、Lloyd W. Sumner、Richard A. Dixon、Guodong Wang

  DOI：10.1093/mp/sst004

  日期：2013.7

  Two cytosol CoA ligases and one mitochondrial thioesterase were biochemically characterized from hop glandular trichomes. The present data provide an insight into the understanding of hop bitter acid biosynthesis and tools for the microbial bioengineering of bitter acids.Bitter acids, known for their use as beer flavoring and for their diverse biological activities, are predominantly formed in hop (Humulus lupulus) glandular trichomes. Branched short-chain acyl-CoAs (e.g. isobutyryl-CoA, isovaleryl-CoA and 2-methylbutyryl-CoA), derived from the degradation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), are essential building blocks for the biosynthesis of bitter acids in hops. However, little is known regarding what components are needed to produce and maintain the pool of branched short-chain acyl-CoAs in hop trichomes. Here, we present several lines of evidence that both CoA ligases and thioesterases are likely involved in bitter acid biosynthesis. Recombinant HlCCL2 (carboxyl CoA ligase) protein had high specific activity for isovaleric acid as a substrate (K-cat/K-m 4100 s(1) M-1), whereas recombinant HlCCL4 specifically utilized isobutyric acid (K-cat/K-m 1800 s(1) M-1) and 2-methylbutyric acid (K-cat/K-m 6900 s(1) M-1) as substrates. Both HlCCLs, like hop valerophenone synthase (HlVPS), were expressed strongly in glandular trichomes and localized to the cytoplasm. Co-expression of HlCCL2 and HlCCL4 with HlVPS in yeast led to significant production of acylphloroglucinols (the direct precursors for bitter acid biosynthesis), which further confirmed the biochemical function of these two HlCCLs in vivo. Functional identification of a thioesterase that catalyzed the reverse reaction of CCLs in mitochondria, together with the comprehensive analysis of genes involved BCAA catabolism, supported the idea that cytosolic CoA ligases are required for linking BCAA degradation and bitter acid biosynthesis in glandular trichomes. The evolution and other possible physiological roles of branched short-chain fatty acid:CoA ligases in planta are also discussed.
• Molecular Identification and Characterization of Two Medium-chain Acyl-CoA Synthetases, MACS1 and the Sa Gene Product
  作者：Takahiro Fujino、Yumiko A. Takei、Hideyuki Sone、Ryoichi X. Ioka、Akihisa Kamataki、Kenta Magoori、Sadao Takahashi、Juro Sakai、Tokuo T. Yamamoto

  DOI：10.1074/jbc.m106651200

  日期：2001.9

  In this study, we identified and characterized two murine cDNAs encoding medium-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (MACS). One, designated MACS1, is a novel protein and the other the product of the Sa gene (Sa protein), which is preferentially expressed in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Based on the murine MACS1 sequence, we also identified the location and organization of the human MACS1 gene, showing that the human MACS1 and Sa genes are located in the opposite transcriptional direction within a 150-kilobase region on chromosome 16p13.1. Murine MACS1 and Sa protein were overexpressed in COS cells, purified to homogeneity, and characterized. Among C4-C16 fatty acids, MACS1 preferentially utilizes octanoate, whereas isobutyrate is the most preferred fatty acid among C2-C6 fatty acids for Sa protein. Like Sa gene transcript, MACS1 mRNA was detected mainly in the liver and kidney. Subcellular fractionation revealed that both MACS1 and Sa protein are localized in the mitochondrial matrix. C-14-Fatty acid incorporation studies indicated that acyl-CoAs produced by MACS1 and Sa protein are utilized mainly for oxidation.