据报道,在氟化溶剂中,FeCl 3催化酚类成分与1,3,5-三甲氧基苯的仿生氧化交叉偶联,一步合成了被保护的酚和非天然聚芳基。在这种高效转化中,区域选择性(邻位,间位或对位)和化学选择性(C C vs C O)受酚邻位键的控制-不断增长的酚类低聚物。通过将双酚衍生物与亲核芳烃偶合,以提供大的聚芳基化合物,而该聚芳基化合物不易通过其他方式获得,从而检查了反应范围。通过进行顺序氧化苯酚-苯酚和苯酚-芳烃的偶联反应,可以高效地提供单一的聚芳基产物,从而证明了催化系统在设计聚芳基骨架中的多功能性。
The invention provides extracts of brown seaweed of the genus
Ascophyllum
that have valuable pharmacological properties. In particular, compositions of the invention are useful for e.g.: inhibiting alpha-glucosidase activity; preventing or treating conditions mediated by alpha-glucosidase activity; reducing blood glucose levels; preventing or treating diabetes; modulating glucose uptake in adipocytes; preventing or treating obesity; scavenging free radicals; stimulating the immune system; activating macrophages; preventing or treating condition mediated by macrophage activation; and modulating nitric oxide production by macrophages. Methods for using the
Ascophyllum
extracts of the invention are provided, as are kits comprising
Ascophyllum
extracts of the invention and instructions for using the extracts.