Equilibria and barriers to interconversion between thesyn andanti conformers in 9-(o-substituted phenyl)fluorenes obtained by photorearrangement of triptycenes
摘要:
AbstractThe population ratios of the syn to the anti conformers in 9‐(2‐substituted phenyl)fluorenes have been determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy to range from 0.25 (for 2′;‐NH2) to >20 (2′;‐CHNNHC6H3(NO2)‐2,4). They appear to increase, firstly, with the steric bulk of the 2′;‐substituents and, secondly, with the electronic repulsion between the substituent and the π electrons on the fluorene ring. The unusually low population of the syn isomer in the 2′;‐NH2 compound was found by IR absorption to be due to stabilization of the anti form by NH …︁ π hydrogen bonding. Whereas the substituents on the fluorene ring do not affect the population of the two isomers in 9‐(2‐tolyl)fluorenes, the same series of substituents exhibit a positive slope in the Hammett plots of the equilibrium constants in 9‐(2‐methoxymethylphenyl)fluorenes. Through‐space interaction between the methoxymethyl group and the π‐donating fluorene ring is postulated. The free energy of activation (ΔG‡) for the interconversion between the two conformers in 9‐(2‐substitued phenyl)fluorenes have been obtained from the line‐shape depindence on temperatures. The ΔG‡ values ranged from 56.8 (for 2′‐NH2) ot 78.6kJ mol−1 when there is no fluorene ring substituent. IN three typical examples, a full line‐shape analysis gave, additionally, the ΔH‡ and ΔS‡ data of the interconversion. Introduction of a methyl group at position 1 of the fluorene ring raised. ΔG‡ by c. 13kJ mol−1.
Conjugated Polymers and Their Use in Optoelectronic Devices
申请人:Pan Hualong
公开号:US20120187385A1
公开(公告)日:2012-07-26
Disclosed are certain oligomeric and polymeric compounds and their use as organic semiconductors in organic and hybrid optical, optoelectronic, and/or electronic devices such as photovoltaic cells, light emitting diodes, light emitting transistors, and field effect transistors. The disclosed compounds can provide high power conversion efficiency, fill factor, open circuit voltage, field-effect mobility, on/off current ratios, and/or air stability when used in photovoltaic cells or transistors. The disclosed compounds can have good solubility in common solvents enabling device fabrication via solution processes.
PYRROLO[3,2-B]PYRROLE SEMICONDUCTING COMPOUNDS AND DEVICES INCORPORATING SAME
申请人:Lu Shaofeng
公开号:US20110226338A1
公开(公告)日:2011-09-22
Disclosed are semiconducting compounds having one or more pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2,5(1H,4H)-dione 3,6-diyl units. Such compounds can be monomeric, oligomeric, or polymeric, and can exhibit desirable electronic properties and possess processing advantages including solution-processability and/or good stability.
SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS PREPARED FROM DITHIENYLVINYLENE COPOLYMERS
申请人:Mishra Ashok Kumar
公开号:US20120217482A1
公开(公告)日:2012-08-30
Disclosed are new semiconductor materials prepared from dithienylvinylene copolymers with aromatic or heteroaromatic π-conjugated systems. Such copolymers, with little or no post-deposition heat treatment, can exhibit high charge carrier mobility and/or good current modulation characteristics. In addition, the polymers of the present teachings can possess certain processing advantages such as improved solution-processability and low annealing temperature.
A simple and efficient synthesis of paracyclophane derivatives based on self-organization of a quinodimethane is described. Treatment of dibromides 5a-d with mercury afforded in high yield the macrocyclic compounds 6a-d. Interestingly, these compounds change the color on grinding and heating, from colorless to violet. The structure of 6a-d was determined by spectroscopic analyses. Single-crystal structure analysis of 6b and 6c confirmed the proposed structure.
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