Intramolecular photochemical cycloadditions of N-alkenyloxycarbonylindoles and N-alkenoylindoles
作者:David L. Oldroyd、Alan C. Weedon
DOI:10.1039/c39920001491
日期:——
Ultraviolet light irradiation of N-alkenoylindoles affords intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloadducts with regiochemistry opposite to that obtained in the corresponding intermolecular reaction; in contrast, N-alkenyloxycarbonylindoles appear to be relatively photostable because they are frozen in an unreactive conformation for the duration of the excited state lifetime.
Intramolecular Photochemical Cycloaddition Reactions of N-[(.omega.-Alkenyloxy)carbonyl]indoles and N-(.omega.-Alkenoyl)indoles
作者:David L. Oldroyd、Alan C. Weedon
DOI:10.1021/jo00085a022
日期:1994.3
Ultraviolet light irradiation of N-(but-3'-enoyl)indole (3i), N-(pent-4'-enoyl)indole (3j), and N-(hex-5'-enoyl) indole (3k) affords intramolecular photocycloadducts 17a-19a in which the termini of the side-chain alkene have become bonded to the 2- and 3-positions of the indole ring. The regiochemistry of the addition of the alkene is the opposite to that obtained in the corresponding intermolecular reaction of an N-acylindole with a monosubstituted alkene. The length of the methylene linkage between the tethered alkene and the N-acyl activating group in these N-alkenoylindoles affects the quantum efficiency of intramolecular cycloaddition as well as the ability of the reaction to compete with intermolecular cycloaddition in the presence of added cyclopentene. In contrast, the N-(omega-alkenyloxycarbonyl)indoles 3a-e are relatively photostable, apparently because they are frozen in an unreactive conformation for the duration of the excited state lifetime. Compounds 3a-e are, however, capable of undergoing intermolecular photocycloaddition in the presence of added alkenes and they also photodimerize. These reaction pathways dominate when lower energy wavelengths (lambda>300 nm) of ultraviolet light are used; irradiations performed at higher, energy wavelength (254 nm) give predominantly photo-Fries rearrangement products.
Photocatalytic Intramolecular [2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Indole Derivatives via Energy Transfer: A Method for Late-Stage Skeletal Transformation
cycloaddition of indolederivatives tethered with olefins at the N1 position has been considered thermodynamically unfeasible due to the high triplet excited-state energies. We describe visible light-promoted [2 + 2] cycloaddition with concomitant dearomatization of indolederivatives tethered with olefins at the N1 position via the energy transfer process, providing cyclobutane-fused polycyclic indoline derivatives