摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词

(2R)-9-chloro-4-methyl-13-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,6.07,12]octadeca-1(18),7(12),8,10,14,16-hexaene | 65576-45-6

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
(2R)-9-chloro-4-methyl-13-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,6.07,12]octadeca-1(18),7(12),8,10,14,16-hexaene
英文别名
——
(2R)-9-chloro-4-methyl-13-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,6.07,12]octadeca-1(18),7(12),8,10,14,16-hexaene化学式
CAS
65576-45-6
化学式
C17H16ClNO
mdl
——
分子量
285.8
InChiKey
VSWBSWWIRNCQIJ-MLCCFXAWSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 沸点:
    357.9±42.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    1.231
  • 溶解度:
    DMSO:50.0(最大浓度 mg/mL);174.97(最大浓度 mM)
  • 颜色/状态:
    White to off-white powder
  • 蒸汽密度:
    1.83X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
  • 解离常数:
    pKa = 9.64 (amine) (est)

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    3.8
  • 重原子数:
    20
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    4.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.29
  • 拓扑面积:
    12.5
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    2

ADMET

代谢
大约50%的血浆中循环物种已被鉴定。主要物种是阿塞那平N+-葡萄糖苷酸;其他包括N-去甲基阿塞那平、N-去甲基阿塞那平N-羧酰胺葡萄糖苷酸和少量未改变的阿塞那平。阿塞那平的活性主要归因于母药。
About 50% of the circulating species in plasma have been identified. The predominant species was asenapine N+-glucuronide; others included N-desmethylasenapine, N-desmethylasenapine N-carbamoyl glucuronide, and unchanged asenapine in smaller amounts. Asenapine activity is primarily due to the parent drug.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
阿森纳平[(3aRS,12bRS)-5-氯-2-甲基-2,3,3a,12b-四氢-1H-二苯并[2,3:6,7]氧杂[4,5-c]吡咯(2Z)-2-丁烯二酸盐(1:1)]在健康男性志愿者舌下给药(14)C-阿森纳平后的代谢和排泄进行了研究。使用带有放射性检测的高效液相色谱法在血浆、尿液和粪便中确定代谢轮廓。在大约50%的人血浆中识别或量化了与药物相关的物质。剩余的循环放射性对应至少15个非常极性的小峰(主要是II期产品)。总的来说,>70%的循环放射性与结合代谢物有关。主要的代谢途径是直接葡萄糖醛酸化和N-脱甲基化。主要的循环代谢物是阿森纳平N(+)-葡萄糖苷酸;其他循环代谢物包括N-去甲基阿森纳平-N-羧基葡萄糖苷酸、N-去甲基阿森纳平和阿森纳平11-O-硫酸盐。除了母化合物阿森纳平外,主要的排泄代谢物是阿森纳平N(+)-葡萄糖苷酸。其他排泄代谢物包括N-去甲基阿森纳平-N-羧基葡萄糖苷酸、11-羟基阿森纳平后接结合、10,11-二羟基-N-去甲基阿森纳平、10,11-二羟基阿森纳平后接结合(发现了这些途径的几种组合)以及N-甲酰阿森纳平与几种羟基化结合,最可能是阿森纳平N-氧化物与10,11-羟基化结合后接结合。总之,阿森纳平被广泛而迅速地代谢,产生了几个区域异构羟基化和结合代谢物。
The metabolism and excretion of asenapine [(3aRS,12bRS)-5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[2,3:6,7]-oxepino [4,5-c]pyrrole (2Z)-2-butenedioate (1:1)] were studied after sublingual administration of (14)C-asenapine to healthy male volunteers. ... Metabolic profiles were determined in plasma, urine, and feces using high-performance liquid chromatography with radioactivity detection. Approximately 50% of drug-related material in human plasma was identified or quantified. The remaining circulating radioactivity corresponded to at least 15 very polar, minor peaks (mostly phase II products). Overall, >70% of circulating radioactivity was associated with conjugated metabolites. Major metabolic routes were direct glucuronidation and N-demethylation. The principal circulating metabolite was asenapine N(+)-glucuronide; other circulating metabolites were N-desmethylasenapine-N-carbamoyl-glucuronide, N-desmethylasenapine, and asenapine 11-O-sulfate. In addition to the parent compound, asenapine, the principal excretory metabolite was asenapine N(+)-glucuronide. Other excretory metabolites were N-desmethylasenapine-N-carbamoylglucuronide, 11-hydroxyasenapine followed by conjugation, 10,11-dihydroxy-N-desmethylasenapine, 10,11-dihydroxyasenapine followed by conjugation (several combinations of these routes were found) and N-formylasenapine in combination with several hydroxylations, and most probably asenapine N-oxide in combination with 10,11-hydroxylations followed by conjugations. In conclusion, asenapine was extensively and rapidly metabolized, resulting in several regio-isomeric hydroxylated and conjugated metabolites.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 肝毒性
接受阿塞纳平治疗的病人在1%至2.5%出现肝功能测试异常,但安慰剂治疗(0.6%至1.3%)和比较剂也有类似的报告率。ALT升高通常是轻微的、暂时的,并且经常在不修改剂量或停药的情况下解决。曾有一例报告,病人在开始服用阿塞纳平后3到4周出现胆汁淤积性血清酶升高,停药后一个月内解决。因此,阿塞纳平可能是轻度胆汁淤积性肝损伤的罕见原因。
Liver test abnormalities occur in 1% to 2.5% of patients receiving asenapine, but similar rates are reported with placebo therapy (0.6% to 1.3%) and with comparator agents. The ALT elevations are usually mild, transient and often resolve even without dose modification or drug discontinuation. There has been a single case report of cholestatic serum enzyme elevations arising 3 to 4 weeks after starting asenapine, resolving within a month of stopping. Thus, asenapine may be a rare cause of mild cholestatic liver injury.
来源:LiverTox
毒理性
  • 相互作用
Potential pharmacologic interaction (possible disruption of body temperature regulation); use asenapine with caution in patients concurrently receiving drugs with anticholinergic activity. 潜在的药物相互作用(可能干扰体温调节);在接受具有抗胆碱活性的药物的患者中谨慎使用阿塞纳平。
Potential pharmacologic interaction (possible disruption of body temperature regulation); use asenapine with caution in patients concurrently receiving drugs with anticholinergic activity.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
Potential pharmacologic interaction (additive CNS and respiratory depressant effects). Use with caution with other drugs that can produce CNS depression. Avoid use of alcohol during asenapine therapy. 可能的药物相互作用(增加中枢神经系统和呼吸抑制的效果)。与其他可能引起中枢神经系统抑制的药物一起使用时应谨慎。在阿塞纳平治疗期间避免使用酒精。
Potential pharmacologic interaction (additive CNS and respiratory depressant effects). Use with caution with other drugs that can produce CNS depression. Avoid use of alcohol during asenapine therapy.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
Potential pharmacologic interaction (additive effect on QT-interval prolongation); avoid concomitant use of other drugs known to prolong the corrected QT (QTc) interval, including class Ia antiarrhythmics (e.g., quinidine, procainamide), class III antiarrhythmics (e.g., amiodarone, sotalol), some antipsychotic agents (e.g., chlorpromazine, thioridazine, haloperidol, olanzapine, pimozide, paliperidone, quetiapine, ziprasidone), some antibiotics (e.g., gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin), and tetrabenazine. 可能的药物相互作用(对QT间期延长的叠加效应);避免同时使用其他已知可延长校正QT(QTc)间期的药物,包括Ia类抗心律失常药(例如,奎尼丁,普鲁卡因胺),III类抗心律失常药(例如,胺碘酮,索他洛尔),一些抗精神病药(例如,氯丙嗪,硫利达嗪,氯哌醇,奥氮平,匹莫齐特,帕利哌酮,喹硫平,齐拉西酮),一些抗生素(例如,加替沙星,莫西沙星)和四苯氮唑。
Potential pharmacologic interaction (additive effect on QT-interval prolongation); avoid concomitant use of other drugs known to prolong the corrected QT (QTc) interval, including class Ia antiarrhythmics (e.g., quinidine, procainamide), class III antiarrhythmics (e.g., amiodarone, sotalol), some antipsychotic agents (e.g., chlorpromazine, thioridazine, haloperidol, olanzapine, pimozide, paliperidone, quetiapine, ziprasidone), some antibiotics (e.g., gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin), and tetrabenazine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
由于其α1-肾上腺素能阻滞活性和可能引起低血压的特性,生产商警告阿塞纳平可能增强某些抗高血压药物和其他可能引起低血压的药物的低血压效果。阿塞纳平还与心动过缓有关。生产商建议在接收其他可能引起低血压或心动过缓的药物的患者中使用阿塞纳平时应谨慎,并考虑在这些患者中监测直立生命体征。如果出现低血压,考虑减少阿塞纳平的剂量。
Because of its alpha1-adrenergic blocking activity and potential to cause hypotension, the manufacturer cautions that asenapine may enhance the hypotensive effects of certain antihypertensive agents and other drugs that can cause hypotension. Asenapine also has been associated with bradycardia. The manufacturer recommends that asenapine be used with caution in patients receiving other drugs that can cause hypotension or bradycardia, and that monitoring of orthostatic vital signs be considered in such patients. If hypotension develops, consider reducing the dosage of asenapine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
阿塞那平通过舌下给药,因为口服给药后观察到生物利用度较低(小于2%)和广泛的首过代谢。
Asenapine is administered sublingually because of the low bioavailability (less than 2%) and extensive first-pass metabolism observed following oral administration.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
药物舌下片在舌下、舌上和颊粘膜处迅速吸收,峰值血药浓度在0.5-1.5小时内出现。
Sublingual tablets of the drug are rapidly absorbed in the sublingual, supralingual, and buccal mucosa following sublingual administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 0.5-1.5 hours.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
舌下含服阿塞那平(5毫克)的绝对生物利用度为35%。在每日两次的舌下给药下,稳态血浆浓度在3天内达到。
The absolute bioavailability of sublingual asenapine (5 mg) is 35%. Steady-state plasma concentrations are reached within 3 days with twice-daily sublingual administration.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在服用单次5毫克阿塞纳平后,平均Cmax大约为4 ng/mL,在平均tmax为1小时时观察到。
Following a single 5-mg dose of asenapine, the mean Cmax was approximately 4 ng/mL and was observed at a mean tmax of 1 hour.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险类别码:
    R22,R36/37/38,R50/53
  • 海关编码:
    2934999090

SDS

SDS:6e3088b45882d17cee6a81e355443074
查看

制备方法与用途

阿塞那平概述

阿塞那平(Asenapine)是一种多靶点的非典型抗精神病药物,适用于治疗精神分裂症的阳性症状、阴性症状及认知缺陷症状,具有极低的锥体外系副反应倾向。该药物的商品名为Saphris。最初由国际欧加农公司发现,并经先灵葆雅公司申请上市。2009年8月14日,美国FDA批准其用于成年人精神分裂症、狂躁症或与I型双相情感障碍混合发作的紧急治疗。目前该药物属于默克公司的主要产品之一。

中间体合成路线

阿塞那平具有多条合成路线,但大多已有专利保护,其中5-氯-2-氟苯甲酸是一重要中间体。通过改进其合成工艺,可以提高产率和降低生产成本。相关研究显示,采用特定的反应条件及催化剂,能够显著提升目标产物的选择性与收率。

药理作用

阿塞那平适用于治疗精神分裂症和双相障碍。对于精神分裂症患者,推荐起始剂量为5 mg,每日2次;而对于双相障碍患者,则建议初始给药10 mg,每日2次。若出现不良反应可减量。

特殊人群用药

孕妇及哺乳期妇女应慎用阿塞那平。儿童的安全性和有效性尚未确定,因此需谨慎使用。对于肾功能损害者无需调整剂量,但严重肝功能损害者禁用。此外,阿塞那平可能会增加患有老年痴呆的精神疾病患者的死亡率,并未获批用于治疗此类患者。

药物相互作用

与其他中枢神经系统药物或酒精合用时应慎重。阿塞那平可能增强某些抗高血压药的作用;不可与氟伏沙明(CYP1A2抑制剂)及帕罗西汀(CYP2D6抑制剂)同时使用。

不良反应

阿塞那平治疗精神分裂症常见的不良反应包括静坐不能、口腔味觉减退和嗜睡。而在治疗双相障碍患者时,常见副作用有静坐不能、体重增加、眩晕及EPS不良反应等。还可能出现恶性综合征、迟发性运动障碍、高血糖、白细胞减少、QT间期延长、癫痫发作、认知障碍、自杀企图以及吞咽困难等症状。虽然阿塞那平可能导致的体重增加和高泌乳素血症发生率较低,但对葡萄糖或血脂代谢的影响较小。

参考文献
  1. 惠子, 董金华. 阿塞那平[J]. 中国药物化学杂志, 2010, 02:156.
  2. 王娟, 李华芳. 新型抗精神病药:阿塞那平[J]. 中国新药与临床杂志, 2011, 12:886-890.
  3. 李新, 马淑涛. 阿塞那平中间体的合成工艺改进[J]. 齐鲁药事, 2012, 01:1 -2.
  4. 张晓影, 郑国钧. 抗精神病药阿塞那平的合成[J]. 化学试剂, 2011, 12:1135-1137.
  5. 王来海, 张瑞岭, 黄素培, 王新友. 新型非典型抗精神病药——阿塞那平[J]. 中国药房, 2011, 01:63-65.

文献信息

  • [EN] PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ASENAPINE AND INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS USED IN SAID PROCESS<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION D'ASÉNAPINE ET PRODUITS INTERMÉDIAIRES UTILISÉS DANS LEDIT PROCÉDÉ
    申请人:ORGANON NV
    公开号:WO2009087058A1
    公开(公告)日:2009-07-16
    The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of asenapine, i.e. trans-5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenz[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole, as well as to novel intermediate products for use in said process.
    该发明涉及一种新型制备阿塞那平的方法,即trans-5-氯-2-甲基-2,3,3a,12b-四氢-1H-二苯并[2,3:6,7]氧杂环[4,5-c]吡咯的方法,以及用于该方法的新型中间产物。
  • PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TRANS-DIBENZOXENOPYRROLE COMPOUND AND INTERMEDIATE THEREFOR
    申请人:Wang Weiqi
    公开号:US20110046393A1
    公开(公告)日:2011-02-24
    The invention provides a process for production of trans-dibenzoxenopyrrole compounds, in which reduction, leaving group conversion, hydrogenation and methylation are carried out in that order. The process of the invention allows trans-dibenzoxenopyrrole compounds to be produced by a simpler procedure than conventional processes. The invention further provides novel compounds obtained as intermediates in the process, and a process for their production.
    本发明提供了一种生产反式二苯并噁唑吡咯化合物的方法,其中按照还原、离去基转化、氢化和甲基化的顺序进行。本发明的方法比传统方法更简单,可以生产出反式二苯并噁唑吡咯化合物。本发明还提供了在该过程中获得的新型中间体化合物以及其生产方法。
  • Novel crystalline salts of Asenapine with organic Di-acids and Tri-acids
    申请人:Sandoz AG
    公开号:EP2524919A1
    公开(公告)日:2012-11-21
    The invention relates to novel crystalline salts of Asenapine with organic di-acids and tri-acids and to methods of their preparation. Furthermore the invention relates to the use of the novel salts in pharmaceutical compositions and to the use of the novel salts as medicaments, preferably in the treatment of psychotic diseases or disorders such as schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder.
    本发明涉及阿塞那平与有机二酸和三酸的新型结晶盐及其制备方法。此外,本发明还涉及将新型盐用于制药组合物以及将新型盐用作药物,优选用于治疗精神疾病或障碍,如精神分裂症和与双相障碍相关的急性狂躁症。
  • DEUTERIUM-ENRICHED ASENAPINE
    申请人:Czarnik Anthony W.
    公开号:US20090209608A1
    公开(公告)日:2009-08-20
    The present application describes deuterium-enriched asenapine, pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, and methods of treating using the same.
  • US8288564B2
    申请人:——
    公开号:US8288564B2
    公开(公告)日:2012-10-16
查看更多