Preparation of .alpha.-Methylene and .alpha.-Ethylidene .beta.-Lactams via the Ester Enolate-Imine Condensation Using .beta.-(Dialkylamino) Esters as Starting Materials: Scope and Synthetic Applications
摘要:
A new, simple procedure for the preparation of appropriately substituted alpha-methylene and alpha-ethylidene beta-lactams via the ester enolate-imine condensation is described. The method is based on the use of lithium 3-(dialkylamino) ester enolates as synthetic equivalents of the corresponding acrylate alpha-anions. Thus, the reaction of lithium enolates of 3-(dialkylamino) esters with imines produced alpha-[(dialkylamino)alkyl] beta-lactams stereoselectively and in high yield. Upon dehydroamination the latter furnished a variety of alpha-alkylidene beta-lactams. The synthesis of 3-alkylidene-4-formyl-2-azetidinones is a particularly significant feature of this work. Preparation of functionalized alpha-keto beta-lactams and beta-lactam-furan hybrids through a dihydroxylation-oxidation process starting from different alpha-alkylidene derivatives is also described. In addition, reduction of various 4-functionalized (Z)- and (E)-3-ethylidene-2-azetidinones yielded the corresponding 3-ethylideneazetidines as advanced precursors of polyoximic acids.
Preparation of .alpha.-Methylene and .alpha.-Ethylidene .beta.-Lactams via the Ester Enolate-Imine Condensation Using .beta.-(Dialkylamino) Esters as Starting Materials: Scope and Synthetic Applications
摘要:
A new, simple procedure for the preparation of appropriately substituted alpha-methylene and alpha-ethylidene beta-lactams via the ester enolate-imine condensation is described. The method is based on the use of lithium 3-(dialkylamino) ester enolates as synthetic equivalents of the corresponding acrylate alpha-anions. Thus, the reaction of lithium enolates of 3-(dialkylamino) esters with imines produced alpha-[(dialkylamino)alkyl] beta-lactams stereoselectively and in high yield. Upon dehydroamination the latter furnished a variety of alpha-alkylidene beta-lactams. The synthesis of 3-alkylidene-4-formyl-2-azetidinones is a particularly significant feature of this work. Preparation of functionalized alpha-keto beta-lactams and beta-lactam-furan hybrids through a dihydroxylation-oxidation process starting from different alpha-alkylidene derivatives is also described. In addition, reduction of various 4-functionalized (Z)- and (E)-3-ethylidene-2-azetidinones yielded the corresponding 3-ethylideneazetidines as advanced precursors of polyoximic acids.
Diastereoselective Ireland–Claisen rearrangements of substituted allyl β-amino esters: applications in the asymmetric synthesis of C(5)-substituted transpentacins
作者:Stephen G. Davies、Ai M. Fletcher、James A. Lee、Paul M. Roberts、Myriam Y. Souleymanou、James E. Thomson、Charlotte M. Zammit
DOI:10.1039/c4ob00274a
日期:——
The diastereoselective Ireland–Claisen rearrangement of a range of substituted allyl β-amino esters gave the corresponding enantiopure α-substituted-β-amino esters with good diastereoselectivity. The application of this methodology in the asymmetric synthesis of a range of C(5)-substituted 1,2-anti-1,5-syn-transpentacins was demonstrated by the rearrangement of a range of β-amino esters derived from
Mannich-type reactions of aldehydes with secondary amines and a ketene silyl acetal were promoted by trimethoxyborane in DMSO to afford the corresponding β-amino esters in good yields. B(OMe)3 also promoted Ugi-typereactions ofaldehydes with secondary amines and isocyanides in 1,2-dichloroethane, which leads to the formation of α-amino amides. In these reactions, trimethoxyborane serves as an inexpensive
Diarylborinic Acid Derivatives as a Catalytic Iminium Ion Generator in the Mannich-Type Reaction Using Secondary Amines, Aldehydes, and Ketene Silyl Acetals
作者:Michinori Suginome、Yusuke Tanaka、Tomoaki Hasui
DOI:10.1055/s-2008-1072724
日期:2008.5
Reactions of secondary amines, aldehydes, and ketene silyl acetals were efficiently promoted by catalytic amounts of diarylborinic acid esters, Ar 2 B(OR), affording β-amino esters selectively with no formation of the corresponding β-hydroxy esters.
催化量的二芳基硼酸酯 Ar 2 B(OR) 有效地促进了仲胺、醛和乙烯酮甲硅烷基缩醛的反应,选择性地提供了 β-氨基酯,而不会形成相应的 β-羟基酯。