摘要:
The photochemical reaction of tetranitromethane in dichloromethane or acetonitrile with 4-methylstyrene (2a), styrene (2b), 4-chlorostyrene (2c), 3-chlorostyrene (2d) or 4-acetoxystyrene (2e) gives two stereoisomeric isoxazolidines, 2-(2'-nitro-1'-X-phenyl)ethoxy-3,3-dinitro-5-(X-phenyl)isoxazolidine (3 and 4, X=4-Me, H, 4-Cl, 3-Cl or 4-AcO), a nitro ketone, nitromethyl X-phenyl ketone (5, X=4-Me, H, 4-Cl, 3-Cl or 4-AcO) and a nitronic ester, 3-nitro-5-(X-phenyl)-2-isoxazoline N-oxide (6, X=4-Me, H, 4-Cl or 4-AcO). In each case, the (RS,RS)-stereoisomer 4 is the major isoxazolidine formed.The first step of the reaction is the photogeneration of the triad [2(.+) NO2 (NO2)(3)C-]. In the formation of isoxazolidines 3 and 4, and of the nitronic esters 6, the key intermediate is assumed to be the substituted aminoxyl, 3,3-dinitro-4-(X-phenyl)isoxazolidin-N-oxyl (8, X=4-Me, H, 4-Cl, 3-Cl or 4-AcO) formed by reaction of the substituted styrene radical cation (2(.+)) with trinitromethanide ion followed by cyclization of the resulting carbon radical 7. Loss of nitrogen dioxide from 8 gives nitronic esters 6, and trapping of the 1-(X-phenyl)-2-nitroethyl radical, formed by addition of NO2 at the beta-carbon of 2, by aminoxyl 8, gives the isoxazolidines 3 and 4 directly.