1,3-Dinitrobenzene is absorbed via oral, inhalation, and dermal routes and is believed to be able to penetrate the red blood cell membrane. The metabolism of 1,3-DNB includes both oxidative and reductive biotransformations, followed by conjugation. The main metabolites are 3-aminoacetanilide, 4-acetamidophenylsulfate, 1,3-diacetamidobenzene, and 3-nitroaniline-N-glucuronide. The main route of excretion of 1,3-DNB metabolites is the urine. (L199)
In the red blood cell, 1,3-DNB induces formation of methemoglobin, leading to cyanosis. Reduction of the nitrogroup(s) of 1,3-DNB produces reactive nitroaromatic radical anions which redox cycle to produce other reactive, toxic species such as superoxide anion. Redox cycling of these intermediates probably causes the methemoglobinemia. In the male reproductive system, 1,3-DNB causes disruption of spermatogenesis resulting in hypospermia, poor sperm quality, and infertility. Reduction of 1,3-DNB to reactive species such as nitrosonitrobenzene is believed to damage Sertoli cells. (L199)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
无致癌性迹象（未被国际癌症研究机构列名）。
No indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (L135)
Chronic exposure to 1,3-dinitrobenzene can cause a reduction (or loss) in the number of red blood cells (anemia). It may also cause behavioral changes and male reproductive system damage. (L199)
Exposure to high concentrations of 1,3-dinitrobenzene can reduce the ability of blood to carry oxygen and can cause your skin to become bluish in color. Other symptoms of 1,3-dinitrobenzene exposure include headache, nausea, and dizziness.(L199)
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AROMATIC AZOLE COMPOUNDS
申请人：GOLDFINGER MARC B.
公开号：US20140066629A1
公开（公告）日：2014-03-06
Aromatic azole compounds such as 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-amino-benzimidazole are prepared in an organic sulfonic acid solvent instead of polyphosphoric acid. This allows recovery and recycle of the solvent and avoids the handling and environmental concerns resulting from the use of polyphosphoric acid. The resulting compounds find use in the pharmaceutical industry, as anticorrosion agents, and as precursors for high-performance fibers having high strength, stiffness, and flame resistance.
New triaminophenol compositions and related compounds are disclosed, as are processes for their preparation and for the preparation of novel salts and diacid complexes from such compounds. Polymers prepared from these compositions can be made into high strength fiber, film, and tape and are useful in applications such as protective apparel, aircraft, automotive components, personal electronics, and sports equipment.
[EN] 2,4,5-TRIAMINOTHIOPHENOLS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] 2,4,5-TRIAMINOTHIOPHÉNOLS ET COMPOSÉS ASSOCIÉS
申请人：DU PONT
公开号：WO2012088190A1
公开（公告）日：2012-06-28
New triaminothiophenol compositions and related compounds are disclosed, as are processes for their preparation and for the preparation of novel salts, diacid complexes, and polymers from such compounds. Polymers prepared from these compositions can be made into high strength fiber, film, and tape and are useful in applications such as protective apparel, aircraft, automotive components, personal electronics, and sports equipment.
[EN] INTEGRATED PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC POLYMER PRECURSORS<br/>[FR] PROCESSUS INTÉGRÉS DE PRÉPARATION DE PRÉCURSEURS DE POLYMÈRES AROMATIQUES HÉTÉROCYCLIQUES
申请人：DU PONT
公开号：WO2012088184A1
公开（公告）日：2012-06-28
An integrated process is provided for efficiently preparing 2, 4, 5-triaminothiophenol, starting; high purity salts thereof; and complexes of 2, 4, 5-triaminothiophenol with aromatic diacids, which are precursors for making polymer for high performance fibers. The process design eliminates several costly intermediate drying and recrystallization steps. The handling of solid materials with possible skin sensitizing properties and toxicity is avoided, thereby eliminating human and environmental exposure.
