Direct Access to Benzolactams and Benzolactones via Nickel Catalyzed Carbonylation with CO2
摘要:
A new nickel catalyzed cross‐electrophile coupling for accessing γ‐lactams (isoindolinones) as well as γ‐lactones (isobenzofuranones) via carbonylation with CO2 is documented. The protocol exploits the synergistic role of redox‐active Ni(II) complexes and AlCl3 as a CO2 activator/oxygen scavenger, leading to the formation of a wide range of cyclic amides and esters (28 examples) in good to high yields (up to 87%). A dedicated computational investigation revealed the multiple roles played by AlCl3. In particular, the simultaneous transient protection of the pendant amino group of the starting reagents and the formation of the electrophilically activated CO2‐AlCl3 adduct are shown to concur in paving the way for an energetically favorable mechanistic pathway.
[EN] ISOINDOLONE M1 RECEPTOR POSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS<br/>[FR] MODULATEURS ALLOSTÉRIQUES POSITIFS DU RÉCEPTEUR M1 DE L'ISOINDOLONE
申请人:MERCK SHARP & DOHME
公开号:WO2012003147A1
公开(公告)日:2012-01-05
The present invention is directed to isoindolone compounds of formula (I) which are M1 receptor positive allosteric modulators and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the M1 receptor is involved, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, pain or sleep disorders. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and to the use of the compounds and compositions in the treatment of diseases mediated by the M1 receptor.