在此,我们报道了由镍分子催化剂介导的碳酸炔丙酯催化还原为丙二烯。该催化系统使用光作为驱动力,胺作为唯一的氢源。与其他催化方法相反,该过程的进行无需金属氢化物物质的中介。过渡金属催化还原过程中常见的途径被涉及一系列电子转移和质子转移的途径所取代。使用这种催化方法,可以在温和条件下获得多种丙二烯。实验研究支持三烷基胺作为还原剂和质子源的双重作用,并揭示了该反应的关键机理特征。提出了Ni( II ) 联烯基中间体的关键原脱镍步骤来解释还原过程。最后,我们还证明选择性 S N 2 ' 还原过程也可以通过电化学方法有效驱动。
Benzo[e]isoindole-1,3-diones as Potential Inhibitors of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3). Synthesis, Kinase Inhibitory Activity, Zebrafish Phenotype, and Modeling of Binding Mode
摘要:
Benzo[e]isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives were synthesized, and the effects on GSK-3 beta activity and zebrafish embryo growth were evaluated. A series of derivatives show obvious inhibitory activity against GSK-3 beta. The most potent inhibitor, 7,8-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzo[e]isoindole-1,3-dione (8a), shows nanomolar IC50 and obvious phenotype on zebrafish embryo growth associated with the inhibition of GSK-3 beta at low micromolar concentration. The interaction mode between 8a and GSK-3 beta was characterized by computational modeling.
Ortho C-H allenylation of electron-rich benzene derivatives with propargylic alcohol derivatives has been a challenge, due to their great innate tendency toward a para C-H allenylation via an SN2'-type substitution process. Here, we described a Ru(II)-catalyzed regioselective ortho C-H allenylation of electron-rich aniline and phenol derivatives, which allows the previously challenging synthesis of a
A catalyst‐based switchable regioselective C−H activation/annulation of acrylamides with propargyl carbonates has been developed, delivering C5 or C6 alkenyl substituted 2‐pyridones. This robust protocol proceeds with a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance under redox‐neutral reaction conditions. More significantly, this reaction is highly effective with previously challenging unsymmetrical alkynes, including unbiased alkyl‐alkyl substituted alkynes, with perfect and switchable regioselectivity. Additionally, mechanistic studies and DFT calculations were performed to shed light on the switchable regioselectivity.