Stereomutations of Two-Bladed Propeller Derivatives: Ortho-Substituted Diaryl Ethylene and Diaryl Ketone
摘要:
DIAGRAMStereochemical analysis, supported by ab initio computations, predicts the existence of three possible stable helical conformers for o,o'-diisopropyl-1,1'-diphenylethylene (1) and o,o'-diisopropylbenzophenone (2). At low temperature the NMR spectra of 1 showed distinct sets of signals for these conformers, thus allowing the measurement of the three barriers involved in the related stereomutation processes to be obtained (DeltaG(double dagger) = 6.45, 4.65, and less than or equal to 4.0 kcal mol(-1)). The NMR spectra also indicate that the asymmetric conformer (C-1 point group) is the most stable one in solution, as anticipated by calculations. X-ray diffraction confirmed that this structure is that adopted in the crystalline state. On the other hand, o,o'-diisopropylbenzophenone (2) is predicted by calculations to exist essentially as a C-2-type conformer, a result that was confirmed by the low-temperature NMR spectra. The interconversion barrier for the enantiomeric forms of this conformer was also measured (DeltaG(double dagger) = 6.35 kcal mol(-1)).
Stereomutations of Two-Bladed Propeller Derivatives: Ortho-Substituted Diaryl Ethylene and Diaryl Ketone
摘要:
DIAGRAMStereochemical analysis, supported by ab initio computations, predicts the existence of three possible stable helical conformers for o,o'-diisopropyl-1,1'-diphenylethylene (1) and o,o'-diisopropylbenzophenone (2). At low temperature the NMR spectra of 1 showed distinct sets of signals for these conformers, thus allowing the measurement of the three barriers involved in the related stereomutation processes to be obtained (DeltaG(double dagger) = 6.45, 4.65, and less than or equal to 4.0 kcal mol(-1)). The NMR spectra also indicate that the asymmetric conformer (C-1 point group) is the most stable one in solution, as anticipated by calculations. X-ray diffraction confirmed that this structure is that adopted in the crystalline state. On the other hand, o,o'-diisopropylbenzophenone (2) is predicted by calculations to exist essentially as a C-2-type conformer, a result that was confirmed by the low-temperature NMR spectra. The interconversion barrier for the enantiomeric forms of this conformer was also measured (DeltaG(double dagger) = 6.35 kcal mol(-1)).
Catalytic Enantioselective Pictet–Spengler Reaction of α‐Ketoamides Catalyzed by a Single H‐Bond Donor Organocatalyst
作者:Rémi Andres、Qian Wang、Jieping Zhu
DOI:10.1002/anie.202201788
日期:2022.5.2
A simple prolinamide bearing a single H-bond donor urea functioncatalyzes the Pictet–Spengler reaction between tryptamines and α-ketoamides to afford 1,1-disubstituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines in excellent yields and enantiomeric excesses.