Microbial generation of (2R,3S)- and (2S,3S)-ethyl 2-benzamidomethyl-3-hydroxybutyrate, a key intermediate in the synthesis of (3S,1′R)-3-(1′-hydroxyethyl)azetidin-2-one
摘要:
Microbial reduction of the carbonyl group of the substituted acetoacetate esters 3-6 affords directly, or after Ni-Raney desulfurization, the corresponding enantiomerically pure 3S carbinols of variable diastereoisomeric composition. These compounds are transformed into (3S,1'R)-3-(1'-hydroxyethyl)-azetidin-2-one, a useful intermediate in the synthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics.
Diastereoselective reduction of β-keto carbonyl compounds by cultured plant cells
摘要:
The diastereoselective reduction of beta-keto carbonyl compounds such as 2-benzamidomethyl-3-oxobutanoates and 2-methyl-2-(2-propenyl)cyclopentan-1,3-dione by cultured cells of higher plants was investigated. The reduction of the 2-benzamidomethyl-3-oxobutanoates by Parthenocissus tricitspidata diastercoselectively produced the (2R,3S)-2-benzamidomethyl-3-hydroxybutanoates, whereas the reduction by Gossypium hirsultum gave the (2S,3S)-2-benzimidoinethyl-3-hydroxybutanoates. The (2R,3S)l (2S,3S) predominance in the reduction with Nicotiana tabacum, Glycine max, and Catharan thus roseus was reversed by the change in the structure of the alkoxyl group in the substrate. On the other hand, the reduction of 2-methyl-2-(2-propenyl)cyclopelitan-1,3-dione by P. tricuspidata produced (2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(2-propenyl)cyclopent in-1-one, whereas the reaction by N. tabacum, G. max, C roseus' and G. hirsuatum gave (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(2-propenyl)cyclopentan-1-one. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The stereoselective reduction of ethyl 2-(benzamidomethyl)-3-oxobutanoate 1 using yeasts was investigated among a restricted number (12) of yeasts. Kluyveromyces marxianus var. lactis CL69 diastereoselectively produced (2R,3S)-ethyl 2-(benzamidomethyl)-3-hydroxybutanoate 2. whereas Pichia glucozyma CBS 5766 gave (2S,3S)-2 as the major stereoisomer. The biotransformations were independently optimized for minimizing by-product formation and maximizing the diastereoselectivity. Under optimized conditions, K. marxianus var. lactis CL 69 gave the (2R,3S)-ethyl 2-(benzamidomethyl)-3-hydroxybutanoate 2 with ee > 99% and de = 98%, while P. glucozyma CBS 5766 allowed for the production of (2S,3S)-2 with ee > 99% and de = 86%. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.