Conjugate additions of non-nucleophilic N-containing compounds such as amides, thioamides, sulfonamides, and electron- poor anilines with different Michael acceptors can be promoted through the use of tributylphosphine. The range of useful pK(a)'s of nucleophiles has been established (pK(a)< 25) and new insights into the mechanism proposed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Pietra, Gazzetta Chimica Italiana, 1956, vol. 86, p. 70,75
作者:Pietra
DOI:——
日期:——
Bis-cyanoethylated anilines
申请人:GEN ANILINE &
公开号:US02809985A1
公开(公告)日:1957-10-15
Addition of amines and phenols to acrylonitrile derivatives catalyzed by the POCOP-type pincer complex [{κP,κC,κP-2,6-(i-Pr2PO)2C6H3}Ni(NCMe)][OSO2CF3]
anti-Markovnikov addition of nucleophiles to activated olefins. The catalyzed additions of aliphaticamines to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and crotonitrile proceed at room temperature and give quantitative yields of products resulting from the formation of C–N bonds. On the other hand, aromatic amines or alcohols are completely inert toward methacrylonitrile and crotonitrile, and much less reactive
钳型配合物[κ P,κ Ç,κ P -2,6-(我-Pr 2 PO)2 C ^ 6 ħ 3 }的Ni(NCMe)] [OSO 2 CF 3 ](1)可以用作亲核试剂向活性烯烃的区域选择性,反马尔科夫尼科夫加成的前催化剂。脂肪胺在丙烯腈,甲基丙烯腈和巴豆腈中的催化加成反应在室温下进行,并由于形成了C–N键而产生定量的产物收率。另一方面,芳族胺或醇对甲基丙烯腈和巴豆腈是完全惰性的,对丙烯腈的反应性小得多,需要添加碱,加热和延长的反应时间才能获得良好的收率。1的催化反应性据认为是由于配位乙腈的取代不稳定性所致,该取代基使得烯烃底物中腈部分具有竞争性配位;这种结合增强了CC部分的亲电子性,使它们更易于受到亲核试剂的攻击。在某些情况下,RCN→Ni结合会导致双键异构化/迁移(烯丙基氰化物)或亲核体在腈部分(肉桂腈和4-氰基苯乙烯)的侵蚀。吗啉与1在60°C下反应导致形成formation衍生物2,该X衍生物2已通过X射线晶体学表征。