申请人:Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
公开号:US04322271A1
公开(公告)日:1982-03-30
N-Vinyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides are prepared, starting from N-ethyl-carboxylic acid amides, in a 3-stage process consisting of the following stages: (a) anodic alkoxylation of the N-ethyl-carboxylic acid amides to give N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-carboxylic acid amides; (b) alkylation of these N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-carboxylic acid amides with an alkyl halide or dialkyl sulfate in an alkaline medium to give N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides; and (c) splitting off of alcohol from the products of stage (b) by heating to temperatures between about 60.degree. and about 350.degree. C. Instead of stages (b) and (c), it is also possible to carry out the following stages after stage (a): (b.sub.1) splitting off of alcohol from the N-.alpha.-alkoxyethylcarboxylic acid amides obtained in stage (a) by heating to temperatures of about 60.degree. to about 600.degree. C., to give N-vinyl-carboxylic acid amides; and (c.sub.1) alkylation of these N-vinyl-carboxylic acid amides by reaction with an alkylating agent of the same type as in stage (b) in an alkaline medium. The N-vinyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides obtained by the process are valuable intermediate products, in particular for the manufacture of homopolymers and copolymers with interesting properties.
N-乙基羧酸酰胺经过3个阶段的过程制备N-乙烯基-N-烷基-羧酸酰胺,包括以下阶段:(a) 将N-乙基羧酸酰胺进行阳极烷氧基化,得到N-α-烷氧乙基羧酸酰胺;(b) 在碱性介质中用烷基卤化物或二烷基硫酸盐烷基化这些N-α-烷氧乙基羧酸酰胺,得到N-α-烷氧乙基-N-烷基羧酸酰胺;(c) 通过加热至约60度至约350度C的温度,从(b)阶段产物中分离出醇。在(a)阶段之后,也可以执行以下阶段代替(b)和(c)阶段:(b.sub.1) 将在(a)阶段获得的N-α-烷氧乙基羧酸酰胺加热至约60度至约600度C,分离出醇,得到N-乙烯基羧酸酰胺;(c.sub.1) 将这些N-乙烯基羧酸酰胺在碱性介质中通过与与(b)阶段相同类型的烷基化剂反应进行烷基化。该过程获得的N-乙烯基-N-烷基-羧酸酰胺是有价值的中间产物,特别适用于制造具有有趣性能的均聚物和共聚物。