Sonochemistry: A Powerful Way of Enhancing the Efficiency of Carbohydrate Synthesis
摘要:
[GRAPHICS]Using sonication as a means of facilitating organic reactions in carbohydrate chemistry was explored under the conditions used for traditional organic synthesis. An array of representative reactions, including hydroxy group manipulation ( acylation, protection/deprotection, acyl group migration), thioglycoside synthesis, azidoglycoside synthesis, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and reductive cleavage of benzylidene, commonly used in the synthesis of carbohydrate derivatives was examined. A series of glycosylation reactions that employ thioglycosides, glycosyl trichloroacetimidate, glycosyl bromide and glycosyl acetate as the glycosyl donors was also examined. Our results demonstrate that sonication can significantly shorten the reaction time, enhance the reactivity of reactant and lead to superior yield and excellent stereoselectivity. More importantly, a general protocol of glycosylation may finally be developed. Sonication is compatible to the conditions used for traditional organic synthesis. We believe that sonication can also be applied to other areas of synthetic processes.
Sonochemistry: A Powerful Way of Enhancing the Efficiency of Carbohydrate Synthesis
摘要:
[GRAPHICS]Using sonication as a means of facilitating organic reactions in carbohydrate chemistry was explored under the conditions used for traditional organic synthesis. An array of representative reactions, including hydroxy group manipulation ( acylation, protection/deprotection, acyl group migration), thioglycoside synthesis, azidoglycoside synthesis, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and reductive cleavage of benzylidene, commonly used in the synthesis of carbohydrate derivatives was examined. A series of glycosylation reactions that employ thioglycosides, glycosyl trichloroacetimidate, glycosyl bromide and glycosyl acetate as the glycosyl donors was also examined. Our results demonstrate that sonication can significantly shorten the reaction time, enhance the reactivity of reactant and lead to superior yield and excellent stereoselectivity. More importantly, a general protocol of glycosylation may finally be developed. Sonication is compatible to the conditions used for traditional organic synthesis. We believe that sonication can also be applied to other areas of synthetic processes.
Combination of solid phase and solution phase synthesis of oligosaccharides using sonication
作者:Christabel T. Tanifum、Jianjun Zhang、Cheng-Wei T. Chang
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.06.027
日期:2010.8
An approach that combines solidphase and solution phasesynthesis of oligosaccharides via the assistance of sonication has been developed. By employing the traceless linker, the designed oligosaccharides can be obtained in pure form and, more importantly, ready for incorporation to aglycons of interest via ‘Click’ chemistry or amide linkage. The overall strategy will facilitate the studies of roles