In this study we investigated the performance of two norbormide (NRB)-derived fluorescent probes, NRBMC009 (green) and NRBZLW0047 (red), on dissected, living larvae of Drosophila, to verify their potential application in live cell imaging confocal microscopy. To this end, larval tissues were exposed to NRB probes alone or in combination with other commercial dyes or GFP-tagged protein markers. Both probes were rapidly internalized by most tissues (except the central nervous system) allowing each organ in the microscope field to be readily distinguished at low magnification. At the cellular level, the probes showed a very similar distribution (except for fat bodies), defined by loss of signal in the nucleus and plasma membrane, and a preferential localization to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. They also recognized ER and mitochondrial phenotypes in the skeletal muscles of fruit fly models that had loss of function mutations in the atlastin and mitofusin genes, suggesting NRBMC009 and NRBZLW0047 as potentially useful screening tools for characterizing ER and mitochondria morphological alterations. Feeding of larvae and adult Drosophilae with the NRB-derived dyes led to staining of the gut and its epithelial cells, revealing a potential role in food intake assays. In addition, when flies were exposed to either dye over their entire life cycle no apparent functional or morphological abnormalities were detected. Rapid internalization, a bright signal, a compatibility with other available fluorescent probes and GFP-tagged protein markers, and a lack of toxicity make NRBZLW0047 and, particularly, NRBMC009 highly performing fluorescent probes for live cell microscopy studies and food intake assays in Drosophila.
在这项研究中,我们研究了两种
呋喃甲酰胺(NRB)衍生的荧光探针NR
BMC009(绿色)和NR
BZLW0047(红色)在解剖的活果蝇幼虫体内的表现,以验证它们在活细胞成像共聚焦显微镜中的潜在应用。为此,将幼虫组织单独暴露于NRB探针中,或与其他商业
染料或GFP标记蛋白标记物一起暴露。两种探针都被大多数组织(中枢神经系统除外)迅速内化,从而可以在低倍放大镜下轻松区分显微镜视野中的每个器官。在细胞
水平上,探针显示出非常相似的分布(脂肪体除外),表现为核和质膜信号丢失,并优先定位于内质网(ER)和线粒体。它们还识别了果蝇模型骨骼肌中的ER和线粒体表型,这些果蝇模型在atlastin和mitofusin
基因中具有功能突变,这表明NR
BMC009和NR
BZLW0047可能是用于表征ER和线粒体形态学改变的筛选工具。用NRB衍生的
染料喂养幼虫和成虫果蝇,会导致肠道及其上皮细胞染色,揭示了其在食物摄入测定中的潜在作用。此外,当果蝇在整个生命周期内暴露于两种
染料中时,未检测到明显的功能或形态异常。快速内化、明亮的信号、与其他可用荧光