Quaternary heterocyclylamino .beta.-lactams: a generic alternative to the classical acylamino side chain
作者:John Hannah、Charles R. Johnson、Arthur F. Wagner、Edward Walton
DOI:10.1021/jm00346a024
日期:1982.4
beta-[(1-substituted-4-pyridinio)amino]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylates have been found to be interesting new classes of antibacterial beta-lactams, readily available by SN2 Ar coupling of fluoro-substituted quaternized pyridines and appropriate amino lactam carboxylic acids. Compared to penicillin G, the penam 12c exhibited a spectrum extended to Gram-negative species, such as Escherichia, Shigella, Klebsiella
DGKα and ζ inhibitors notwithstanding the modest similarity between α and ζ relative to other DGK isoforms. Optimized compounds produced cytokine release and T-cell proliferation consistent with DGK inhibition and potentiated an immune response in human and mouse T-cells. Additionally, lead inhibitor BMS-502 demonstrated dose-dependent immune stimulation in the mouse OT-1 model, setting the stage for a
我们描述了一种表型筛选和优化策略,以发现阻断 T 细胞内检查点信号传导的化合物。尽管 α 和 ζ 相对于其他 DGK 同工型之间有一定的相似性,但我们还是鉴定出了 DGKα 和 ζ 双重抑制剂。优化的化合物产生与 DGK 抑制一致的细胞因子释放和 T 细胞增殖,并增强人和小鼠 T 细胞的免疫反应。此外,先导抑制剂BMS-502在小鼠 OT-1 模型中证明了剂量依赖性免疫刺激,为药物发现计划奠定了基础。
Preparation of 2-, 4-, 5-, and 6-aminonicotinic acid tert-butyl esters
作者:Stephen W. Wright
DOI:10.1002/jhet.799
日期:2012.3
Procedures are reported to prepare the tert‐butylesters of 2‐aminonicotinic acid, 4‐aminonicotinic acid, 5‐aminonicotinic acid, and 6‐aminonicotinic acid from 2‐chloronicotinic acid, 4‐chloronicotinic acid, 5‐bromonicotinic acid, and 6‐chloronicotinic acid, respectively, without need for purification of intermediates. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).