Michael Acceptor Based Antiplasmodial and Antitrypanosomal Cysteine Protease Inhibitors with Unusual Amino Acids
摘要:
New peptidic Michael acceptor based cysteine protease inhibitors displaying antiparasitic activity were identified by testing a broad series of 45 compounds in total, containing Asn, Gln, or Phe. As target enzymes, falcipain-2 and -3 from P. falciparum and rhodesain from T. b. rhodesiense were used. In the case of the Asn/Gln containing compounds, the trityl-protected, diastereomeric E-configured vinylogous dipeptide esters 16 (Boc-(S)-Phg-(R/S)-vGln(Trt)-OEt) were discovered as most active inhibitors concerning both protease inhibition and antiparasitic acitivity, with inhibition constants in the submicromolar range. The Compounds were shown to display time-dependent and competitive inhibition. In the case of the Phe containing Compounds, the maleic acid derivatives 42 and 43 (BnO-Phe <- Mal-Phe-OBn, BnO-Phe <- Mal-Phe-Ala-OBn. Mal = maleic acid) displayed good inhibition of rhodesain as well as good antitrypanosomal activity, while the fumaric acid derived E-analogue 14 (BnO-Phe <- Fum-Phe-OBn) only displayed inhibition or the target enzymes but no antiparasitic activity. Inhibition by these Phe derivatives was shown to be time-independent and competitive.
Non-classical Helices with<i>cis</i>Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds in the Backbone: Structural Features of α,γ-Hybrid Peptide Foldamers
作者:Mothukuri Ganesh Kumar、Varsha J. Thombare、Mona M. Katariya、Kuruva Veeresh、K. Muruga Poopathi Raja、Hosahudya N. Gopi
DOI:10.1002/anie.201602861
日期:2016.6.27
The impact of geometrically constrained cis α,β‐unsaturated γ‐amino acids on the folding of α,γ‐hybridpeptides was investigated. Structure analysis in single crystals and in solution revealed that the cis carbon–carbon double bonds can be accommodated into the 12‐helix without deviation from the overall helical conformation. The helical structures are stabilized by 4→1 hydrogen bonding in a similar