Regioselective conversion of cycloalkanones to vinyl bromides with 1,2-functionality transposition. A general stratagem
摘要:
Cyclic beta-keto esters, available by regioselective acylation of cycloalkanone enolates, are rapidly transformed to alpha,beta-unsaturated acids. This functionality transposition allows the derived 3-hydroxy-4-methylthiazole-2-(3H)-thione derivatives to serve as precursors to synthetically useful vinyl bromides. The process involves heating the hydroxamate ester with AIBN in bromotrichloromethane solution. Alkylative and ring contractive variants of the methodology are highlighted. The short sequence makes available precursors to vinyl anions that are not otherwise conveniently accessible.
Furness; Perkin, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1914, vol. 105, p. 2026
作者:Furness、Perkin
DOI:——
日期:——
Bredt et al., Journal fur praktische Chemie (Leipzig 1954), 1931, vol. <2> 131, p. 132,134
作者:Bredt et al.
DOI:——
日期:——
Conservative treatment of Garden stage I femoral neck fracture in elderly patients
作者:J. Tanaka、N. Seki、F. Tokimura、Y. Hayashi
DOI:10.1007/s004020100318
日期:2002.1
We reviewed 38 patients aged 65 years and older with fresh Garden stage I femoral neck fractures treated nonsurgically to determine factors that influence fracture union. The mean follow-up period was 20 (range 6-86) months. Twenty-three (61%) fractures united within 6 months after injury, while 15 (39%) failed to unite. The percentage of united fractures was considerably higher (p<0.01) in patients who began bed-to-wheelchair transfer training 14 days or later after injury than in those who began training within 13 days. The incidence of union was considerably higher (p<0.05) in patients who began ambulation 20 days or later after injury than in those who began within 19 days. There was no statistical difference in the amount of valgus or retroversion of the femoral head between patients whose fractures united and those whose fractures did not. Patients without severe dementia regained the ability to walk significantly more frequently than did patients with severe dementia (p<0.05).
Suszko; Antkowiak, Roczniki Chemii, 1965, vol. 39, p. 1663,1667