Pd- and Rh-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of γ-(2-Methoxycarbonylphenyl)propargylic Alcohols: Approaches to 4- or 5-Substituted Seven-Membered Benzolactones and 3,3-Disubstituted Phthalides
摘要:
A study of the palladium-catalyzed hydroarylation/hydrovinylation reaction of gamma-(2-methoxycarbonylphenyl)propargylic alcohols with aryl iodides/vinyl triflates and of the rhodium-catalyzed one with organoboron derivatives is described. The opposite regiochemical outcome of the two processes allows an easy selective approach to 5- or 4-substituted benzoxepin-1(3H)-ones by combining the hydroarylative/hydrovinylative step with cyclocondensation between -OH and -COOMe groups in the intermediate gamma,gamma-disubstituted or beta,gamma-disubstituted allylic alcohols. A one-flask procedure to give benzo[c]oxepin-1(3H)-ones directly from the starting alkyne has been also developed. Treatment of crude gamma,gamma-disubstituted allylic alcohols with NaOH, followed by acidification, affords 3,3-disubstituted phthalides.
Rhodium carbenoid mediated cyclizations of o-alkynyl-substituted .alpha.-diazoacetophenones
作者:Albert Padwa、Keith E. Krumpe、Jamal M. Kassir
DOI:10.1021/jo00044a032
日期:1992.8
o-Alkynyl-substituted alpha-diazoacetophenones undergo facile cyclization to indenone derivatives upon treatment with catalytic quantities of Rh(II) carboxylates. A variety of structural influences were encountered by varying the nature of the substituent group attached to the alkyne carbon atom. The cyclization reaction involves addition of a rhodium stabilized carbenoid onto the acetylenic pi-bond to generate a vinyl carbenoid. The vinyl carbenoid was found to undergo both CH and CC migration as well as delta-CH insertion into the alkyl backbone. Different catalysts were shown to result in significant variation in the product ratios for these reactions. Treatment of o-(5-(allyloxy)-1-pentynyl)-alpha-diazoacetophenone with rhodium(II) mandelate afforded 2-(2-propen-1-yl)-2-(1-oxo-1H-indenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrofuran in high yield. The formation of this compound involves initial formation of a vinyl carbenoid which reacts with the neighboring oxygen atom to give an oxonium ylide which subsequently undergoes a 2,3-sigmatropic rearrangement. When 2-ethynyl-alpha-diazoacetophenone is used, only products derived from 6-endo closure are observed. Substituted o-alkynyl alpha-diazoacetophenones give products derived from 5-exo cyclization. The mode of ring closure is controlled by both steric and electronic factors.