Aziridines are important synthetic Intermediates which readily undergo ring-opening reactions. It is demonstrated that electron-rich phosphines are efficient catalysts for the regioselective rearrangement of N-acylaziridines to oxazolines. The reactions occur in excellent yield under neutral conditions. Evidence is provided for an addition/elimination mechanism by generation of a phosphonium intermediate. Similar intermediates may be useful for the development of alternate aziridine ring-opening processes and stereoselective synthesis with enantiopure phosphines.
Trifluoromethylhypofluorite reacts with N-substituted aziridines with ring opening and 1, 3-addition of F on nitrogen and OCF3 on carbon. Three R substituents are discussed. With R benzenesulfonyl or chlorine one mole of CF3OF is added and N-fluorobenzenesulfonamides and N-chloro, N-fluoroamine are obtained. With R 4-nitrobenzoyl two moles of CF3OF are added and a N, N-difluoroamine is isolated.
Aziridines. 59. Regioselectivity in nucleophilic Ring Opening of 2-Methylaziridines. Lag of bond making as model for the abnormal opening
作者:Pen-Yuan Lin、Gunther Bentz、H. Stamm
DOI:10.1002/prac.19933350105
日期:——
The regioselectivity ratio RS = normal : abnormal opening of activated 2-methylaziridines 2 by nucleophiles is found to range from 0.10 to unmeasurable large (only normal opening = substitution at CH2 by strongly basic carbanions). RS is assumed to result from S(N)2 variants differing in the degree to which bond breaking is ahead of bond making including perhaps synchronous S(N)2. Bond breaking will be more ahead for the N-CMe bond. High nucleophilic power pushes bond making toward a synchronous process resulting in great RS. The decrease in RS with acyl activation relative to sulfonyl activation is in accord with a flattening of the nitrogen pyramid (planarization effect). The planarization effect is retained in acidic medium by O-protonation: Rs 0.10 - 0.14 for methanolysis as compared to RS 0.43 for N-protonated sulfonylaziridine 2h. AM1 calculations support the planarization hypothesis. - No indication for SET with trityl anion was found.
SEGUIN M.; ADENIS J. C.; MICHAUD C.; BASSELIER J. J., J. FLUOR. CHEM., 1980, 15, NO 3, 201-211
作者:SEGUIN M.、 ADENIS J. C.、 MICHAUD C.、 BASSELIER J. J.
DOI:——
日期:——
BAMBAL, RAMESH B.;KEMMITT, RAYMOND D. W., J. ORGANOMET. CHEM., 362,(1989) N-2, C. 18-20