Prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases through autophagy activity mediated by a synthetic ligand or arginylated BIP binding to the P62 ZZ domain
申请人:Seoul National University R&DB Foundation
公开号:US10391067B2
公开(公告)日:2019-08-27
The pharmacokinetics and key technologies of the present invention are summarized in FIG. 1. Particularly, malignant misfolded proteins such as mutant huntingtin and alpha-synuclein are coagulated and grow into oligomeric coagulum (circle around (1)}, circle around (2)}, fibrillar coagulum (circle around (3)}) and eventually inclusion body (circle around (4)}). Young neurons produce a large amount of Nt-Arg through N-terminal arginylation (circle around (5)}) of vesicle chaperones such as BiP secreted into the cytoplasm, and then arginylated BiP (R-BiP) is secreted binds to the misfolded proteins (circle around (6)}). As a ligand, the Nt-Arg of R-BiP binds to the p62 ZZ domain (circle around (7)}), and the normally inactivated closed form of p62 is changed to an open form, leading to structural activation (circle around (8)}). As a result, PB1 and LC3-binding domains are exposed. The PB1 domain induces oligomerization (circle around (9)}), leading to the concentration as a p62 body (circle around (10)}) that is a coagulum capable of being degraded by autophagy. Then, p62 binds to LC3, which is protruding from the autopagosomal membranes, leading to the completion of autophagy targeting (circle around (11)}) and lysosomal proteolysis. Since autophagy proteolysis including steps (circle around (5)})-(circle around (11)}) is strong in young neurons, cytotoxic protein coagulums (circle around (1)}-circle around (5)}) do not accumulate. However in aged neurons, autophagy proteolysis including steps circle around (5)}-circle around (11)} is weakened, and protein coagulums (circle around (1)}-circle around (5)}) accumulate and become cytotoxic. In this invention, p62 is intentionally activated (circle around (12)}, circle around (13)}) by using low mass ligands of the p62 ZZ domain to effectively remove huntingtin and alpha-synuclein protein coagulums. Particularly, in step circle around (12)}, p62 ligated with a ligand accelerates the oligomerization of p62-R-BiP-misfolded protein (circle around (9)}) and the formation of autophagy coagulum (circle around (10)}). In step (circle around (13)}), the ligand-p62 conjugate acts as an autophagy activator (circle around (14)}) to induce the synthesis of LC3 and the conversion of LC3-I into LC3-II in order to accelerate the formation of autophagosomes (circle around (15)}).
图 1 总结了本发明的药代动力学和关键技术。尤其是恶性错误折叠蛋白质,如突变亨廷汀蛋白和α-突触核蛋白,会凝结并生长为低聚物凝块((1)周围的圆圈}、(2)周围的圆圈}、纤维状凝块((3)周围的圆圈}),最终形成包涵体((4)周围的圆圈})。年轻的神经元通过分泌到细胞质中的囊泡伴侣蛋白(如 BiP)的 N 端精氨化((5)周围的圆圈})产生大量 Nt-Arg,然后精氨化 BiP(R-BiP)被分泌出来与折叠错误的蛋白质结合((6)周围的圆圈})。作为配体,R-BiP 的 Nt-Arg 与 p62 的 ZZ 结构域结合((7)周围的圆圈}),p62 正常失活的封闭形式转变为开放形式,导致结构活化((8)周围的圆圈})。因此,PB1 和 LC3 结合结构域暴露出来。PB1 结构域诱导寡聚化((9)周围的圆圈}),导致 p62 体((10)周围的圆圈})浓缩,成为可被自噬降解的凝固体。然后,p62 与从自噬体膜上突出的 LC3 结合,从而完成自噬靶向((11)}周围的圆圈)和溶酶体蛋白水解。由于年轻神经元的自噬蛋白分解(包括(5)周围的圆圈})-((11)周围的圆圈})步骤很强,因此细胞毒性蛋白凝固体((1)周围的圆圈}-(5)周围的圆圈})不会积累。然而,在衰老的神经元中,包括(5)周围的圆圈}-(11)周围的圆圈}步骤在内的自噬蛋白水解作用减弱,蛋白质凝固体((1)周围的圆圈}-(5)周围的圆圈})积累并具有细胞毒性。在本发明中,通过使用 p62 ZZ 结构域的低质量配体,有意激活 p62((12)周围的圈}、(13)周围的圈}),以有效清除亨廷蛋白和α-突触核蛋白凝集物。特别是在步骤(12)周围的圆圈}中,与配体连接的 p62 会加速 p62-R-BiP 错误折叠蛋白的寡聚化((9)周围的圆圈})和自噬凝固体的形成((10)周围的圆圈})。在步骤((13)周围的圆圈})中,配体-p62 共轭物作为自噬激活剂((14)周围的圆圈}),诱导 LC3 的合成和 LC3-I 向 LC3-II 的转化,以加速自噬体的形成((15)周围的圆圈})。