Bicyclic N-Hydroxyurea Inhibitors of 5-Lipoxygenase: Pharmacodynamic, Pharmacokinetic, and in Vitro Metabolic Studies Characterizing N-Hydroxy-N-(2,3-dihydro-6-(phenylmethoxy)-3-benzofuranyl)urea
摘要:
A series of N-hydroxyurea derivatives have been prepared and examined as inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase. Oral activity was established by examining the inhibition of LTB(4) biosynthesis in an ex vivo assay in the mouse. The pharmacodynamic performance in the mouse of selected compounds was assessed using an ex vivo LTB(4) assay and an adoptive peritoneal anaphylaxis assay at extended pretreat times. Compounds with an extended duration of action were reexamined as the individual enantiomers in the ex vivo assay, and the (S) enantiomer of N-hydroxy-N-[2,3-dihydro-6-(phenylmethoxy)-3-benzofuranyl]urea, (+)-1a (SE 202235), was selected as the compound with the best overall profile. Higher plasma concentrations and longer plasma half-lives were found for (+)-1a relative to its enantiomer in the mouse, monkey, and dog. In vitro metabolic studies in mouse liver microsomes established enantiospecific glucuronidation as a likely mechanism for the observed differences between the enantiomers of la. Enantioselective glucuronidation favoring (-)-1a was also found in human liver microsomes.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 5-LO Inhibitor Hydroxyureas. Tandem Nucleophilic Addition−Intramolecular Cyclization of Chiral Nitrones
摘要:
An enantioselective synthesis of chiral hydroxyurea based 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors is reported via a five-step sequence in about 39% overall yield. The synthesis is based on a novel tandem nucleophilic addition-intramolecular cyclization reaction in which a chiral nitrone functions as the electrophilic acceptor species. A mannose-based chiral auxiliary controls the diastereoselectivity of the reaction in an 8:1 ratio. After the auxiliary removal and appropriate functionalization, a single recrystallization afforded the target structures in > 99% ee.
Asymmetric synthesis of N-substituted N-hydroxyureas
作者:Krzysztof Z. Łączkowski、Marcin M. Pakulski、Marek P. Krzemiński、Parasuraman Jaisankar、Marek Zaidlewicz
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.03.008
日期:2008.4
Asymmetric synthesis of (S)-N-(1-arylethyl)-N-hydroxyureas, (S)-N-(6-methoxy)- and (S)-N-(6-benzyloxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)-N-hydroxyurea— lipoxygenase inhibitor, is described. Three approaches to the formation of the N-hydroxyurea moiety at the stereogenic center have been used. The first one, via the reaction of (R)-6-benzyloxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-ol with N,O-bis(phenoxycarbonyl)hydroxylamine