Enzyme Inhibition by Hydroamination: Design and Mechanism of a Hybrid Carmaphycin-Syringolin Enone Proteasome Inhibitor
摘要:
Hydroamination reactions involving the addition of an amine to an inactivated alkene are entropically prohibited and require strong chemical catalysts. While this synthetic process is efficient at generating substituted amines, there is no equivalent in small molecule-mediated enzyme inhibition. We report an unusual mechanism of proteasome inhibition that involves a hydroamination reaction of alkene derivatives of the epoxyketone natural product carmaphycin. We show that the carmaphycin enone first forms a hemiketal intermediate with the catalytic Thr1 residue of the proteasome before cyclization by an unanticipated intramolecular alkene hydroamination reaction, resulting in a stable six-membered morpholine ring. The carmaphycin enone electrophile, which does not undergo a 1,4-Michael addition as previously observed with vinyl sulfone and alpha,beta-unsaturated amide-based inhibitors, is partially reversible and gives insight into the design of proteasome inhibitors for cancer chemotherapy.
Repurposing the 3‐Isocyanobutanoic Acid Adenylation Enzyme SfaB for Versatile Amidation and Thioesterification
作者:Mengyi Zhu、Lijuan Wang、Jing He
DOI:10.1002/anie.202010042
日期:2021.1.25
molecules with novel skeletons, but also to identify the enzymes that catalyze diverse chemical reactions. Exploring the substrate promiscuity and catalytic mechanism of those biosynthetic enzymes facilitates the development of potential biocatalysts. SfaB is an acyladenylate‐forming enzyme that adenylates a unique building block, 3‐isocyanobutanoic acid, in the biosynthetic pathway of the diisonitrile
[EN] METHODS OF PROMOTING NEURON GROWTH<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉS DE FAVORISATION DE LA CROISSANCE DE NEURONES
申请人:UNIV CREIGHTON
公开号:WO2013009923A1
公开(公告)日:2013-01-17
The present invention provides methods to treat, prevent, reverse and/or ameliorate a neurodegenerative disease or condition by partially or completely inhibiting a chymotrypsin-like protease or a proteasome activity.
An object of the present invention is to provide a moisturizer that can sufficiently promote the production of moisturizing-related proteins and can achieve sufficient moisturizing effect. In other words, the present invention provides a moisturizer including an acyl neutral amino acid involving an acyl group having a carbon atom number of 2 to 18 or a salt thereof, and a cosmetic including the moisturizer. The moisturizer and the cosmetic of the present invention can promote the production of one or more moisturizing-related proteins selected from the group consisting of filaggrin, involucrin, transglutaminase 1, keratin 10, and loricrin.
Moisturizers including an acyl neutral amino acid having an acyl group with a carbon atom number of 2 to 18, and salts thereof, and cosmetics containing such a moisturizer promote the production of moisturizing-related proteins, such as filaggrin, involucrin, transglutaminase 1, keratin 10, and loricrin, and provide a moisturizing effect.