Phosphine-Mediated Iterative Arene Homologation Using Allenes
摘要:
A PPh3-mediated multicomponent reaction between o-phthalaldehydes, nucleophiles, and monosubstituted allenes furnishes functionalized non-C-2-symmetric naphthalenes in synthetically useful yields. When the o-phthalaldehydes were reacted with 1,3-disubstituted allenes in the presence of PPh2Et, naphthalene derivatives were also obtained in up to quantitative yields. The mechanism of the latter transformation is straightforward: aldol addition followed by Wittig olefination and dehydration. The mechanism of the former is a tandem gamma-umpolung/aldol/Wittig/dehydration process, as established by preparation of putative reaction intermediates and mass spectrometric analysis. This transformation can be applied iteratively to prepare anthracenes and tetracenes using carboxylic acids as pronucleophiles.
Phosphine-Catalyzed Formation of Carbon−Sulfur Bonds: Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of γ-Thioesters
作者:Jianwei Sun、Gregory C. Fu
DOI:10.1021/ja101251d
日期:2010.4.7
only add to the gamma position of allenoates, overcoming their propensity to add to the beta position in the absence of a catalyst, but do so with very good enantioselectivity. Sulfur nucleophiles are now added to the three families of nucleophiles (carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen) that had earlier been shown to participate in catalyzed gamma additions. The phosphine catalyst of choice, TangPhos, had
The first use of phosphahelicene in enantioselective organocatalysis is reported. New chiral phosphahelicenes have been prepared and enable highly enantioselective [3+2] cyclization reactions between arylidene‐ or alkylidenemalononitriles and γ‐substituted allenoates or cyanoallenes. These reactions afford cyclopentene derivatives in both high yields and diastereoselectivities, with enantiomeric excesses
new method for the synthesis of di‐ and trisubstituted pyrroles via copper‐catalyzed cyclization of ethyl allenoates with activated isocyanides has been developed. In contrast to related annulation reactions previously reported, this new process features a skeletal rearrangement in which the aryl sulfonyl moiety, which functions as the electron‐withdrawing group in the α‐carbon of the isocyanide, was
Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Protein Geranylgeranyltransferase Type I
作者:Sabrina Castellano、Hannah D. G. Fiji、Sape S. Kinderman、Masaru Watanabe、Pablo de Leon、Fuyuhiko Tamanoi、Ohyun Kwon
DOI:10.1021/ja070274n
日期:2007.5.1
Small molecules that inhibit the geranylgeranylation of K-Ras4B and RhoA by protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I) were identified from chemical genetic screens of heterocycles synthesized through phosphine catalysis of allenes. To further improve the efficacy of the GGTase-I inhibitors (GGTIs), 4288 related compounds bearing core dihydropyrrole/pyrrolidine and tetrahydropyridine/piperidine scaffolds were synthesized on SynPhase lanterns in a split-pool manner through phosphine-catalyzed [3 + 2] and [4 + 2] annulations of resin-bound allenoates. Testing of the 4288 analogues resulted in several GGTIs exhibiting submicromolar IC50 values. Because proteins such as Ras and Rho GTPases are implicated in oncogenesis and metastasis, these GGTIs might ultimately lead to the development of novel antitumor therapeutics.
Phosphine-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3,3-Spirocyclopenteneoxindoles from γ-Substituted Allenoates: Systematic Studies and Targeted Applications
The phosphine-promoted [3 + 2] cyclizations between gamma-substituted allenoates and arylideneoxindoles have been applied to the stereoselective synthesis of spiro(cyclopentene)oxindoles with trisubstituted cyclopentene units. It has been demonstrated that PPh3 operates a very efficient control of the relative stereochemistry of the three stereogenic centers of the final spiranic products. Focused experiments have been carried out then so as to access carbocyclic analogues of an important series of anticancer agents inhibiting MDM2-p53 interactions.