Iodosulfuron-Methyl-Based Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Comprising Alkyl Betainate Cation as Novel Active Ingredients with Reduced Environmental Impact and Excellent Efficacy
作者:Michał Niemczak、Łukasz Sobiech、Monika Grzanka
DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05850
日期:2020.11.25
range from 51 to 99 °C, which allows their classification as ionic liquids (ILs). In addition, the new HILs exhibited good affinity for polar and semipolar organic solvents, such as DMSO, methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, and chloroform, while the presence of bulky organic cations reduced their solubility in water. The synthesized products turned out to be stable during storage at 25 °C for over 6 months;
从可再生资源甘氨酸甜菜碱(天然氨基酸的衍生物)开始,已经合成了新的生物基除草离子液体家族(HIL)。酯化后,将获得的含有从乙基到十八烷基变化的直链烷基链的烷基甜菜碱溴化物与来自磺酰脲基的除草阴离子(碘磺隆甲基)结合。碘磺隆甲基盐的熔点在51至99°C的范围内,这使其可以归类为离子液体(ILs)。此外,新型HIL对极性和半极性有机溶剂(例如DMSO,甲醇,乙腈,丙酮和氯仿)表现出良好的亲和力,而庞大的有机阳离子的存在则降低了它们在水中的溶解度。合成产物在25°C下保存6个月以上稳定;但是,在75°C下,它们会快速,逐步降解并释放出挥发性副产物。烷基长于己基的IL的辛醇-水分配系数的对数值出现在“安全区”(0到3)之间;因此,与目前市售形式(碘磺隆甲基丙烯酸钠)相比,施用后它们迁移到地下水中的风险或它们在环境中生物富集的可能性较低。温室研究证实,所获得的盐对油菜的受试植物具有很高的除草功效,表