Improving Nature's Enzyme Active Site with Genetically Encoded Unnatural Amino Acids
摘要:
The ability to site-specifically incorporate a diverse set of unnatural amino acids (> 30) into proteins and quickly add new structures of interest has recently changed our approach to protein use and study. One important question yet unaddressed with unnatural amino acids ( UAAs) is whether they can improve the activity of an enzyme beyond that available from the natural 20 amino acids. Herein, we report the > 30- fold improvement of prodrug activator nitroreductase activity with an UAA over that of the native active site and a > 2.3- fold improvement over the best possible natural amino acid. Because immense structural and electrostatic diversity at a single location can be sampled very quickly, UAAs can be implemented to improve enzyme active sites and tune a site to multiple substrates.
Nitroaryl phosphoramide compositions and methods for targeting and inhibiting undesirable cell growth or proliferation
申请人:——
公开号:US20040214798A1
公开(公告)日:2004-10-28
The present invention relates to nitroaryl-substituted phosphoramide prodrug compounds and methods of producing the same for use in targeting and inhibiting undesirable cell growth or proliferation.
Nitroaryl Phosphoramides as Novel Prodrugs for <i>E. coli</i> Nitroreductase Activation in Enzyme Prodrug Therapy
作者:Longqin Hu、Chengzhi Yu、Yongying Jiang、Jiye Han、Zhuorong Li、Patrick Browne、Paul R. Race、Richard J. Knox、Peter F. Searle、Eva I. Hyde
DOI:10.1021/jm034133h
日期:2003.11.1
Cyclic and acyclic nitroaryl phosphoramide mustard analogues were activated by E. coli nitroreductase, an enzyme explored in GDEPT. The more active acyclic 4-nitrobenzyl phosphoramide mustard (7) showed 167 500x selective cytotoxicity toward nitroreductase-expressing V79 cells with an IC50 as low as 0.4 nM. This is about 100 x more active and 27x more selective than CB1954 (1). The superior activity was attributed to its better substrate activity (k(cat)/K-m 19x better than 1) and/or excellent cytotoxicity of phosphoramide mustard released.