(R)-orphenadrine | 33425-91-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: (R)-orphenadrine
• 英文别名: N,N-dimethyl-2-[(R)-(2-methylphenyl)-phenylmethoxy]ethanamine
• CAS: 33425-91-1
• 化学式: C₁₈H₂₃NO
• 分子量: 269.387
• InChiKey: QVYRGXJJSLMXQH-GOSISDBHSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  363.0±32.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.014±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.8
• 重原子数：
  20
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  12.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (R)-1,1-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1,3-dihydrobenzo[c][1,2]oxasilole 在 甲基锂 、 potassium hydroxide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 乙醚 、 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 33.0h， 生成 (R)-orphenadrine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Nickel(0)-Catalyzed Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Benzoxasiloles: Ligand-Controlled Switching from Inter- to Intramolecular Aryl-Transfer Process

  摘要：

  A highly enantioselective synthesis of 3-aryl-, vinyl-, and alkynyl-2,1-benzoxasiloles (up to 99.9% ee and 99% yield) was achieved via the sequential activation of an aldehyde and a silane by nickel(0). This strategy was applied to a simultaneous generation of carbon- and silicon-stereogenic centers with excellent selectivity (dr = 99:1) via diastereotopic aryl transfer. Initial mechanistic studies revealed the complete switching of an aryl-transfer process from an intermolecular (racemic synthesis in the presence of IPr) to an intramolecular (enantioselective synthesis using chiral NHC, L5) fashion. A plausible rationale for the switching of the aryl-transfer process is given by a preliminary DFT calculation, which suggests that the coordination of 1 to the nickel(0)/L5 fragment in an eta(2)-arene:eta(2)-aldehyde fashion would be a key to the intramolecular process, while the formation of the corresponding intermediate is not possible in the presence of IPr. Owing to the chemically labile nature of its C-Si and O-Si bonds, enantioenriched benzoxasiloles are utilized for the synthesis of chiral building blocks and antihistaminic and anticholinergic drug molecules such as (R)-orphenadrine and (S)-neobenodine with no erosion of the enantiomeric excess.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jacs.5b07827

文献信息

• Cu ^II ‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of Diaryl‐ and Aryl Heteroaryl Ketones: Application in the Enantioselective Synthesis of Orphenadrine and Neobenodine
  作者：Yao‐Zong Sui、Xi‐Chang Zhang、Jun‐Wen Wu、Shijun Li、Ji‐Ning Zhou、Min Li、Wenjun Fang、Albert S. C. Chan、Jing Wu

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201200379

  日期：2012.6.11

  With certain amounts of sodium tert‐butoxide and tert‐butanol as additives, catalytic amounts of an inexpensive and easy‐to‐handle copper source Cu(OAc)2⋅H2O, a commercially available and air‐stable non‐racemic dipyridylphosphine ligand, as well as the stoichiometric desirable hydride donor polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), formed a versatile in situ catalyst system for the enantioselective reduction

  用一定量的钠的叔丁醇和叔丁醇作为添加剂，催化量的一种廉价的和易于手柄铜源的Cu（OAc）2 ⋅ ħ 2O，一种可商购的且稳定的非外消旋二吡啶基膦配体，以及理想的化学计量的氢化物供体聚甲基氢硅氧烷（PMHS），形成了一种通用的原位催化剂体系，用于对映选择性还原广谱的手性二芳基和芳基杂芳基酮空气，产率高，对映选择性好（至96％）。特别地，该方法的实际可行性通过其在光学富集的有效抗组胺药奥芬那君和新贝尼定的不对称合成中的成功应用得到证明。
• Development of Asymmetric Nickel-Catalyzed Arylation of Aromatic Aldehydes with Arylboron Reagents
  作者：Kazuhiro Kondo、Toyohiko Aoyama、Kana Yamamoto、Kaori Tsurumi、Fumie Sakurai

  DOI：10.1055/s-0028-1083216

  日期：2008.11

  described. This development allowed the asymmetric nickel-catalyzed 1,2-addition of arylboron reagents to aromatic aldehydes. The enantioselectivity is synthetically acceptable (up to 81% ee) using 1-naphthaldehyde and 2-substituted aromatic aldehydes as substrates. The results have enantioselectivity comparable to the best results reported by us for the rhodium-catalyzed arylation of aromatic aldehydes.

  描述了在膦配体存在下，镍催化的三芳基环硼氧烷与芳香醛的 1,2-加成反应。这一发展允许不对称镍催化的芳基硼试剂与芳香醛的 1,2-加成。使用 1-萘醛和 2-取代芳香醛作为底物，对映选择性在合成上是可接受的（高达 81% ee）。结果的对映选择性与我们报道的铑催化芳族醛芳基化的最佳结果相当。
• Binaphthyl–prolinol chiral ligands: design and their application in enantioselective arylation of aromatic aldehydes
  作者：Chao Yao、Yaoqi Chen、Ruize Sun、Chao Wang、Yue Huang、Lin Li、Yue-Ming Li

  DOI：10.1039/d1ob00289a

  日期：——

  Binaphthyl–prolinol ligands were designed and applied in enantioselective arylation of aromatic aldehydes and sequential arylation–lactonization of methyl 2-formylbenzoate. Under optimized conditions, the reactions provided the desired diarylmethanols and 3-aryl phthalides in up to 96% yields with up to 99% ee and up to 89% yields with up to 99% ee, respectively. In particular, essentially optically

  联萘-脯氨醇配体被设计并应用于芳香醛的对映选择性芳基化和2-甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯的顺序芳基化-内酯化。在优化的条件下，反应分别以高达 96% 的产率和高达 99% 的 ee 和高达 89% 的产率和高达 99% 的 ee 提供了所需的二芳基甲醇和 3-芳基苯酞。特别是，通过重结晶大量获得了基本上光学纯的 3-芳基苯酞（超过 99% ee）。
• The First Asymmetric Halogen/Metal-Exchange Reaction: Desymmetrization of Alcohols with Enantiotopic Bromoarene Substituents
  作者：Daniel Sälinger、Reinhard Brückner

  DOI：10.1002/chem.200802488

  日期：2009.7.6

  Choosy organomagnesium: Prochiral bis(bromoaryl)alcohols were desymmetrized by treatment with iPr2Mg and an enantiopure Li salt. The resulting arylmagnesium intermediate was trapped with electrophiles. Protonolysis and two follow‐up reactions provided the antihistaminic and anticholinergic drug (R)‐orphenadrine (see scheme).

  挑剔有机镁：前手性双（溴代）醇通过用治疗desymmetrized我镨2 Mg和一个对映体纯Li盐。所得的芳基镁中间体被亲电试剂捕获。质子分解和两个后续反应提供了抗组胺药和抗胆碱能药物（R）-奥芬那君（见方案）。
• Chiral Lithium Amido Aryl Zincates: Simple and Efficient Chemo‐ and Enantio‐Selective Aryl Transfer Reagents
  作者：Pauline Chaumont‐Olive、Mathieu Rouen、Gabriella Barozzino‐Consiglio、Amel Ben Abdeladhim、Jacques Maddaluno、Anne Harrison‐Marchand

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201813510

  日期：2019.3.4

  An enantioselective aryl transfer is promoted using chiral tricoordinated lithium amido aryl zincates that are easily accessible reagents and whose chiral appendage is simply recovered for reuse. The arylation reaction is run in good yields (60 % average on twenty substrates) and high enantiomeric excesses (95 % ee average). This occurs whatever the ortho, meta, or para substituent borne by the substrate

  使用手性三配位的酰胺基芳基锂锌酸盐手性试剂可以促进对映选择性的芳基转移，该手性试剂容易获得，其手性附属物可以简单地回收再利用。芳基化反应以高收率（在二十种底物上平均60％）和高对映体过量（95％  ee平均）进行。无论底物携带的邻位，间位或对位取代基如何发生，并且相对于醛官能团观察到完全的化学选择性。敏感的基团（例如腈，酯，酮和可松解的底物）可抵抗被测试剂的作用，从而为该方法提供了广阔的前景。