p-fluorophenoxyl radical | 2145-21-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: p-fluorophenoxyl radical
• 英文别名: 4-fluorophenoxyl；4-fluoro-phenyloxyl；4-Fluor-phenoxyradikal；4-Fluorophenoxy
• CAS: 2145-21-3
• 化学式: C₆H₄FO
• 分子量: 111.096
• InChiKey: QDKWLJJOYIFEBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.8
• 重原子数：
  8
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  p-fluorophenoxyl radical 在 Sodium borate 、 sodium azide 、 氧气 、 sodium formate 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 sodium 4-fluorophenoxide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  涉及苯氧基的自由基组合反应

  摘要：

  The rates of phenoxyl radical reactions with the superoxide anion radical, O2.-, a peroxyl radical, HOC(CH3)2CH2OO., and an alkyl radical, HOC(CH3)2CH2., in aqueous solution have been measured for 15 different phenoxyl radicals by means of pulse radiolysis. In addition, the one-electron reduction potentials of 10 phenoxyl radicals have been determined. The fraction of electron transfer in the reaction of phenoxyl radicals with O2.-was determined by analysis of gamma-irradiated samples. The experimental data can be accommodated by the Marcus theory for electron transfer, with the reorganization energy lambda-degrees = 155 kJ/mol for the reaction between O2.- and phenoxyl radicals.

  DOI：

  10.1021/j100133a018
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  4-氟苯酚阴离子 在 azide radical 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 p-fluorophenoxyl radical
  参考文献：
  名称：

  叠氮基与芳族化合物的反应。叠氮化物作为选择性氧化剂

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/j100261a040

文献信息

• Reaction of tert-butoxy radicals with phenols. Comparison with the reactions of carbonyl triplets
  作者：P. K. Das、M. V. Encinas、S. Steenken、J. C. Scaiano

  DOI：10.1021/ja00404a030

  日期：1981.7

  Tert-butoxy radicals generated in the photodecomposition of di-tert-butyl peroxide react efficiently with phenols to yield the corresponding phenoxy radicals. Typical rate constants in benzene at 22/sup 0/C are 3.3 x 10/sup 8/ and 1.6 x 10/sup 9/ M/sup -1/ s/sup -1/ for phenol and p-methoxyphenol, respectively. The process is considerably slower in polar solvents; e.g., when pyridine is used as cosolvent

  二叔丁基过氧化物光分解中产生的叔丁氧基自由基与酚类有效反应生成相应的苯氧基自由基。苯中的典型速率常数在 22/sup 0/C 时分别为 3.3 x 10/sup 8/ 和 1.6 x 10/sup 9/ M/sup -1/ s/sup -1/ 苯酚和对甲氧基苯酚。该过程在极性溶剂中要慢得多；例如，当使用吡啶作为助溶剂时，苯酚的速率常数下降到 4.1 x 10/sup 6/ M/sup -1/ s/sup -1/，这是由于强氢键降低了酚类 OH 的反应性团体。同位素效应 (H/D) 通常在 3 到 5 的范围内。5个数字，4个表格。
• Factors Influencing the Antioxidant Activities of Phenols by an Ab Initio Study.
  作者：Shogo Tomiyama、Shogo Sakai、Tomihiro Nishiyama、Fukiko Yamada

  DOI：10.1246/bcsj.66.299

  日期：——

  An ab initio molecular orbital theory has been applied to the elucidation of the hydrogen abstraction mechanism of phenolic antioxidants in the chain process of autoxidations. The optimum structures of o-, m-, and p-substituted phenols, of peroxides, and of those compounds in the transition states were obtained with a Hartree-Fock/STO-3G basis set. From the values of the enthalpy (ΔH), activation (Ea), and OH bond dissociation (D(O–H)) energies obtained, it was found that these three parameters indicate a good relationship with each other; particularly, the relation between the ΔH and Ea values follows the Evans-Polanyi rule. The electron-releasing substituents in the o- and p-positions in phenols decrease the activation parameters for hydrogen abstraction, while those in the m-position increase. The electron densities on the ipso-carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen of the OH substituent and their bond populations are obtained. Variations of the electron densities from the reactants to the transition states lead to a clarification of the reaction mechanism as an antioxidant. Namely, the gain or loss of electrons in the reaction states may be correlated to the experimental data, 13C chemical shifts of the ipso-carbon of the OH substituent, and the values of the induction period as an antioxidant activity.

  从头算分子轨道理论已被应用于阐明酚类抗氧化剂在自氧化链式反应中的夺氢机理。通过使用哈特里-福克/STO-3G基组，得到了邻、间、对位取代酚、过氧化物以及过渡态化合物的优化结构。从获得的焓变（ΔH）、活化能（Ea）和羟基键解离能（D(O–H)）值来看，这三个参数之间显示出良好的相关性；特别是ΔH和Ea值之间的关系遵循埃文斯-波拉尼规则。酚类化合物中邻位和对位上的供电子取代基会降低夺氢反应的活化参数，而间位上的取代基则会提高这些参数。计算得到了OH取代基的ipso碳、氧、氢上的电子密度及其键的布居数。从反应物到过渡态电子密度的变化有助于阐明抗氧化剂反应机理。即，反应态中电子的增益或损失可能与实验数据、OH取代基的ipso碳的13C化学位移以及抗氧化活性的诱导期值相关联。
• Reactivity of Substituted Phenols Toward Alkyl Radicals
  作者：Paola Franchi、Marco Lucarini、Gian Franco Pedulli、Luca Valgimigli、Bruno Lunelli

  DOI：10.1021/ja982405d

  日期：1999.1.1

  The rate constants for the reaction of primary alkyl radicals with substituted phenolic compounds have been measured in benzene or toluene at room temperature by using the radical clock technique. With three representative phenols, containing in the ortho positions substituents of different size, the kinetics of the hydrogen transfer to alkyl radicals was studied at different temperatures to obtain the

  伯烷基自由基与取代酚类化合物反应的速率常数已在室温下在苯或甲苯中使用自由基时钟技术测量。使用三种具有代表性的苯酚，在邻位含有不同大小的取代基，在不同温度下研究了氢转移到烷基的动力学以获得相应的阿伦尼乌斯参数。还在作为氢键受体的六种不同溶剂中研究了动力学溶剂对与 α-生育酚反应的影响，同时研究了与 2,4,6-三甲基苯酚和 2,6-二叔丁基苯酚在甲苯和γ-戊内酯。对于某些酚类，还研究了自聚集对动力学参数的影响。
• Phenolic hydrogen abstraction by the triplet excited state of thiochromanone: a laser flash photolysis study
  作者：Alessandra M. Ribeiro、Ada Ruth Bertoti、José Carlos Netto-Ferreira

  DOI：10.1590/s0103-50532010000600017

  日期：——

  Triplet ketones are known to oxidize biological substrates which can lead to damage of several biomolecules such as amino acids, nucleosides and DNA. As part of our systematic study on the interaction between carbonyl compounds and phenols, the triplet reactivity of thiochromanone (1) towards substituted phenols, in acetonitrile, was investigated employing the laser flash photolysis technique. The

  已知三重态酮会氧化生物底物，这会导致几种生物分子（例如氨基酸，核苷和DNA）的破坏。作为我们对羰基化合物与苯酚之间相互作用的系统研究的一部分，使用激光闪光光解技术研究了硫代苯并二氢吡喃酮（1）对乙腈中取代苯酚的三重反应性。猝灭速率常数为（1.1±0.1）×108 L mol-1 s-1（4-氰基苯酚）至（5.8±1.0）×109 L mol-1 s-1（对苯二酚）。三重态1与含极性取代基的酚反应的哈米特图得出反应常数ρ= -0.90。
• Iodine atoms and iodomethane radical cations: their formation in the pulse radiolysis of iodomethane in organic solvents, their complexes, and their reactivity with organic reductants
  作者：Lian C. T. Shoute、P. Neta

  DOI：10.1021/j100164a045

  日期：1991.5

  Pulse radiolysis of iodomethane in various organic solvents leads to formation of iodine atoms or iodomethane radical cations, which in turn form complexes with iodomethane or with the solvent. Radiolysis in cyclohexane gives CH3I.I, which exhibits an absorption peak at 390 nm, whereas radiolysis in benzene forms the solvent complex, C6H6.I, which exhibits an intense broad absorption centered at 490 nm. Radiolysis of iodomethane in acetone, benzonitrile, and halogenated hydrocarbons results in formation of the radical cation CH3I+. In the former two solvents, this species forms a complex with another molecule of iodomethane to give (CH3I)2+, which absorbs at 420 nm, in agreement with previous results in aqueous solutions, but in halogenated hydrocarbons it forms complexes with the solvents, absorbing at 320-360 nm, i.e., near the absorption of monomeric CH3I.+ in water. Complexes of I atoms oxidize phenol and triphenylamine relatively slowly whereas complexes of CH3I.+ react more rapidly. The reactivity of the CH3I.+.RX complexes increases in the order of RX = CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CH2Br2, CCl4, CH3I, and for each complex the reactivity with phenol increases with increase in electron donating power of substituents. Replacing the methyl group of iodomethane radical cation with ethyl or isopropyl decreases the reactivity, whereas trifluoromethyl increases the reactivity. These oxidation reactions proceed via an intermediate complex between the iodine species and the organic reductant.