Acid catalysis in the reaction of trithiophosphites with acyl halides
作者:V. A. Al'fonsov、G. U. Zamaletdinova、�. S. Batyeva、A. N. Pudovik
DOI:10.1007/bf00955986
日期:1982.6
Zaishlova,I.A. et al., Journal of general chemistry of the USSR, 1966, vol. 36, p. 1828 - 1830
作者:Zaishlova,I.A. et al.
DOI:——
日期:——
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF TRICHLOROACYLATED PROTEIN ADDUCTS IN TETRACHLOROETHENE-TREATED MICE
作者:Steven M. Green、M. Firoze Khan、Bhupendra S. Kaphalia、G. A. S. Ansari
DOI:10.1080/15287390151126487
日期:2001.5.25
Tetrachloroethene (PCE), a common industrial solvent and environmental contaminant is primarily used in the dry-cleaning industry. The toxicity of PCE has bt en linked to vision disorders, renal and hepatic cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Although the mechanism of toxicity is not fully understood. PCE forms trichloroacylated protein adducts in tissues where toxicity is known to occur. These adducts may be responsible for toxicity by altering the function of cellular proteins. Using Western blot analysis, formation of trichloroacylated protein adducts has been reported. To determine the localization of the adducts in a specific zone of a tissue, immunohistochemical staining was used in the study. An antiserum to trichloroacylated proteins was raised in rabbits and its specificity was established by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Female MRL-lpr/lpr and MRL +/+ mice were treated with PCE using a single 5-mmol/kg dose over 24 h or on every fourth day for 6 wk (total 20 doses). Formation of trichloroacylated protein adducts was observed in the liver, and localized to the centrilobular zones. Intensity and circumference of the staining around the central vein were much greater in subchronically treated mice than in acutely treated mice. No immunochemical reactivity was observed in any of the other tissues examined. This study shows that hepatic trichloroacylated protein adducts are localized in a region of the liver where PCE-mediated toxicity is known to occur. Immunohistochemical localization of there adducts and its association with PCE-induced toxicity support the contention that adducts may contribute to toxicity.
Immunochemical Detection of Protein Adducts in Mice Treated with Trichloroethylene
作者:N. Christine Halmes、David C. McMillan、John E. Oatis,、Neil R. Pumford
DOI:10.1021/tx950171v
日期:1996.1.1
Trichloroethylene has been shown to produce tumors in rodents and is a suspect human carcinogen. In addition, a number of case reports raise the possibility that trichloroethylene can induce an autoimmune disorder known as systemic sclerosis. To investigate whether covalent binding of reactive trichloroethylene metabolites may be involved in the mechanisms underlying these toxic responses, we have developed a polyclonal antibody that can recognize trichloroethylene-protein adducts in tissues. The antibody was prepared by immunizing a rabbit with dichloroacetic anhydride-modified keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay data indicated that the serum antibody recognized dichloroacetic anhydride-modified rabbit serum albumin, but not unmodified protein. In addition, N-epsilon-dichloroacetyl-L-lysine was the most potent inhibitor of antibody binding to dichloroacetic anhydride-modified rabbit serum albumin, indicating that the antibody recognizes primarily dichloroacetylated lysine residues. Immunoblots revealed the presence of two major trichloroethylene adducts at 50 and 100 kDa in liver microsomal fractions from male B6C3/F1 mice treated with trichloroethylene. The formation of trichloroethylene adducts was both dose and time dependent. Furthermore, the 50-kDa adduct was found to comigrate on a polyacrylamide gel with cytochrome P450 2E1. These data show that reactive metabolites of trichloroethylene are formed in, vivo and bind covalently to discrete proteins in mouse Liver. The data also suggest that one of the protein targets is cytochrome P450 2E1. Further studies will be necessary to elucidate the relationship between covalent binding of trichloroethylene and trichloroethylene toxicity.
Gololobov,Yu.G. et al., Journal of general chemistry of the USSR, 1965, vol. 35, p. 1246 - 1248