ZWITTERIONIC CATALYSTS FOR (TRANS)ESTERIFICATION: APPLICATION IN FLUOROINDOLE-DERIVATIVES AND BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS
申请人:The Chinese University of Hong Kong
公开号:US20210023539A1
公开(公告)日:2021-01-28
An amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst has a catalyst pocket size that promotes transesterification and dehydrative esterification. The amide/iminium zwitterions are easily prepared by reacting aziridines with aminopyridines. The reaction can be applied a wide variety of esterification processes including the large-scale synthesis of biodiesel. The amide/iminium zwitterions allow the avoidance of strongly basic or acidic condition and avoidance of metal contamination in the products. Reactions are carried out at ambient or only modestly elevated temperatures. The amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst is easily recycled and reactions proceed in high to quantitative yields.
Replacing Conventional Carbon Nucleophiles with Electrophiles: Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Alkylation of Aryl Bromides and Chlorides
作者:Daniel A. Everson、Brittany A. Jones、Daniel J. Weix
DOI:10.1021/ja301769r
日期:2012.4.11
general method is presented for the synthesis of alkylated arenes by the chemoselective combination of two electrophilic carbons. Under the optimized conditions, a variety of aryl and vinyl bromides are reductively coupled with alkyl bromides in high yields. Under similar conditions, activated aryl chlorides can also be coupled with bromoalkanes. The protocols are highly functional-group tolerant (−OH,
Esterification of dicarboxylic acids with benzyl alcohol under the action of the microwave radiation
作者:D. N. Aver’yanov、A. V. Batrakova、Ya. D. Samuilov、R. R. Spiridonova、A. M. Kochnev、S. S. Galibeev、O. I. Gnezdilov
DOI:10.1134/s1070363208100162
日期:2008.10
Reaction of dicarboxylic acid with benzyl alcohol under the microwave irradiation proceeds faster as compared to the thermal conditions. The main reaction products are alkyl dicarboxylates, and the monoester and dibenzyl ether are formed as the side products. A proposal about the nature of the nonthermal effect in the reactions stimulated by the microwave irradiation is considered.
Portnoy et al., Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, 1958, vol. 3, p. 287
作者:Portnoy et al.
DOI:——
日期:——
SCHATOWITZ, BERT;GERCKEN, GUNTHER, J. CHROMATOGR., 409,(1987) 43-54