我们开发了一种使用带有磺酸部分的两亲性整体树脂作为阳离子交换功能(整体-SO 3 H)将羧酸与醇酯化的方法。Monolith-SO 3 H 在 60–80 °C 下,在甲苯中有效地催化芳香族和脂肪族羧酸与各种伯醇和仲醇(1.5–5.0 当量)的酯化反应,无需去除反应过程中产生的水。Monolith-SO 3的两亲性H 由于其吸水能力而促进脱水。该反应也适用于硫酯化,尽管需要在 120 °C 下加热,但仅使用 2.0 当量的硫醇在甲苯中即可以优异的收率获得相应的硫酯。此外,整体式-SO 3 H 可通过简单的过滤从反应混合物中分离出来,并在不降低催化活性的情况下重复使用至少五次。
Broadly Applicable Ytterbium-Catalyzed Esterification, Hydrolysis, and Amidation of Imides
作者:Céline Guissart、Andre Barros、Luis Rosa Barata、Gwilherm Evano
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01896
日期:2018.9.7
An efficient, broadlyapplicable, operationally simple, and divergent process for the transformation of imides into a range of carboxylic acid derivatives under mild conditions is reported. By simply using catalytic amounts of ytterbium(III) triflate as a Lewis acid promoter in the presence of alcohols, water, amines, or N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine, a broad range of imides is smoothly and readily converted
Catalytic Deprotection of Protected Alcohols in Water Using Low-Loading and Alkylated Polystyrene-Supported Sulfonic Acid
作者:Shinya Iimura、Kei Manabe、Shū Kobayashi
DOI:10.1021/jo035178t
日期:2003.10.1
Catalytic deprotection of various protected alcohols was efficiently conducted using a hydrophobic low-loading and alkylated polystyrene-supported sulfonic acid (LL-ALPS-SO3H) in water as the sole solvent. Transprotection of an alcohol from a silyl ether to the corresponding benzylic ether or ester also proceeded smoothly in water.
Dehydration Reactions in Water. Brønsted Acid−Surfactant-Combined Catalyst for Ester, Ether, Thioether, and Dithioacetal Formation in Water
Dehydration reactions in water have been realized by a surfactant-type catalyst, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA). These reactions include dehydrative esterification, etherification, thioetherification, and dithioacetalization. In these reactions, DBSA and substrates form emulsion droplets whose interior is hydrophobic enough to exclude water molecules generated during the reactions. Detailed studies on the esterification revealed that the yields of esters were affected by temperature, amounts of DBSA used, and the substrates. Esters were obtained in high yields for highly hydrophobic substrates. On the basis of the difference in hydrophobicity of the substrates, unique selective esterification and etherification in water were attained. Furthermore, chemospecific, three-component reactions under DBSA-catalyzed conditions were also found to proceed smoothly. This work not only may lead to environmentally benign systems but also will provide a new aspect of organic chemistry in water.
Yamashita; Ishii, Kogyo Kagaku zasshi / Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, 1953, vol. 56, p. 811,812
作者:Yamashita、Ishii
DOI:——
日期:——
Dehydration Reactions in Water. Surfactant-Type Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Direct Esterification of Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols in an Emulsion System