Asymmetric synthesis of l-carnitine from (R)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol
摘要:
A practical chemical synthesis of L-carnitine (1) has been accomplished from (R)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol ((R)-4), which is a main by-product originated from (R,R)-Salen Co(III) catalyzed hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR) of (+/-)-epichlorohydrin. (R)-4 was utilized as a chiral starting material to prepare the key intermediate cyclic sulfite ((R)-5). The new synthetic approach demonstrated an efficient utilization of organic by-product for the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive compounds. (C) 2011 Yun Xu Yang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
The synthesis of enantiomers of 1-[3-(4-aryl-piperazin-1-yl)-2-hydroxy-propyl]-pyrrolidin-2-one derivatives is described. These enantiomers; were synthesized starting from (R)- or (S)-1-chloro-2,3-dihydroxypropane using relevant cyclic sulfates as chiral intermediates. The enantiomeric purities of the final compounds were in the range of 99.3-100.0%, as determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The final compounds were found to display moderate potency as ligands for alpha(1)-adrenoreceptors. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A molecular modelling explanation of the unexpected stereochemistry observed in the alkylation of oxazinone-derived glycine equivalents using 4-chloromethyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2-oxide
The (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of 4-chloromethyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2-oxide were used as 'epoxide-like' synthons in the asymmetric alkylation of the enantiomers of oxazinone-derived glycine equivalents. The configurations of the obtained spiro compounds were easily determined using 20 nuclear Overhauser effect nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Additionally, the mechanisms of the reactions performed were explained using molecular modelling. The spiro derivatives obtained can also be modified and hydrolysed to their corresponding amino acids, which are derivatives of 1-aminocyclopropane-1 -carboxylic acids. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.