2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyryl chloride | 29571-64-0

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机卤素化合物 - 酰卤
• 英文名称: 2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyryl chloride
• 英文别名: 2-Isopropyl-3-methyl-butyrylchlorid；2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butanoyl chloride；2-isopropyl-3-methylbutyryl chloride；2-isopropylisovaleryl chloride；2-Isopropyl-3-methylbutyrylchlorid；Diisopropylacetylchlorid；3-methyl-2-propan-2-ylbutanoyl chloride
• CAS: 29571-64-0
• 化学式: C₈H₁₅ClO
• 分子量: 162.66
• InChiKey: RYQCKXJIWPFZNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.4
• 重原子数：
  10
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.88
• 拓扑面积：
  17.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyryl chloride 在 盐酸 、 氯化亚砜 作用下， 以 1,4-二氧六环 为溶剂， 生成 Triisopropyl-essigsaeure-methylester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis and Properties of Highly Hindered Aliphatic Acids

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja00891a031
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-cyano-2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyric acid 在 盐酸 、 氯化亚砜 作用下， 生成 2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyryl chloride
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Exercise-induced microalbuminuria in patients with active acromegaly: Acute effects of slow-release lanreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analog

  摘要：

  Recent clinical studies have demonstrated an increase of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) at rest in acromegalic patients and, on the other hand, a reduced UAE in patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency. Physical exercise is known to induce abnormal UAE in patients with diabetes, probably unmasking early glomerular alterations. The effect of exercise on UAE in acromegaly is not known. Moreover, the effect of acute but sustained GH inhibition in acromegaly on UAE at rest and after exercise has never been studied. The aim of our study was to evaluate the acute short-term effects of slow-release lanreotide (SR-L), a long-acting somatostatin analog, on UAE and alpha 1-microglobulinuria (A-1-M), a marker of renal tubular damage, at rest and after exercise in 7 normotensive patients with active acromegaly and normal renal function (4 males and 3 females; mean age, 53 +/- 3.1 years; body mass index [BMI], 27.3 +/- 1.1 kg/m(2)) at baseline and 7 and 14 days after SR-L injection (30 mg). Two of the acromegalic patients were microalbuminuric at rest, and in other 3 cases, UAE was in the borderline range (10 to 20 mu g/min). At baseline in the acromegalic subjects, we found a significant increase in UAE at rest with respect to 7 normal subjects considered as a control group. GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were also reduced compared with baseline 7 and 14 days after SR-L injection (GH, 13.4 +/- 7.3 and 13.61 +/- 7 v 18.5 +/- 9.3 mu g/L, P < .05; IGF-1, 230 +/- 53 and 255 +/- 54 v 275 +/- 64 mu g/L). Concomitantly, we observed a significant decrease of UAE at rest and after exercise and 7 and 14 days after SR-L injection as compared with baseline values (27.3 +/- 20.5 and 18.2 +/- 13.7 v 35.3 +/- 12.8 mu g/min, P < .05; exercise, 48.5 +/- 24.1 and 18.6 +/- 6.8 v 68.3 +/- 39.7 mu g/min, P < .05). A-1-M always remained in the normal range (<12 mg/L) both at rest and after exercise. We can thus conclude that in acromegaly, submaximal exercise induces abnormal increases in microalbuminuria. We hypothesize that this phenomenon may be due to the functional glomeruler involvement. SR-L can significantly reduce UAE at rest and after exercise in the short-term in acromegaly, probably via a decrease in circulating GH levels. Copyright (C) 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company.

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0026-0495(00)80040-2

文献信息

• Condensation chlorure d'acide-organomagnesien en presence d'halogenure cuivreux: Competition des reactions heterolytique et homolytique. synthese de cetones aliphatiques ramifiees
  作者：J.E. Dubois、M. Boussu

  DOI：10.1016/0040-4020(73)80220-0

  日期：1973.1

  hindered acid chlorides RCOCl towards ethylmagnesium bromide in the presence of cuprous chloride has been studied. In addition to the ketones RCOEt, the compounds RCOCOR, RCOR, RR, RH and R(H) are produced by a radical reaction. The condensation of R′MgX with iPr2CHCOCl in the presence of cuprous halide proceeds via alkylcopper species R′Cu.MgXX′ which reacts with the acid chloride to produce the

  研究了在氯化亚铜存在下七种位阻酰基氯RCOCl对乙基溴化镁的反应性。除酮RCOEt外，还通过自由基反应生成化合物RCOCOR，RCOR，RR，RH和R（= H）。在卤化亚铜存在下，R'MgX与iPr 2 CHCOCl的缩合反应通过烷基铜物质R'Cu.MgXX'与酰氯反应生成酮RCOR'。自由基过程是通过烷基铜中间体的分解而引发的。研究了在最佳酮化条件下温度，溶剂和结构对烷基铜稳定性的影响。通过合成9种受阻酮iPr 2 CHCOR'可以具体证明这一点，其中Me⩽R'⩽Et 3C和Tr。
• Synthesis and Evaluation of Antiallodynic and Anticonvulsant Activity of Novel Amide and Urea Derivatives of Valproic Acid Analogues
  作者：Dan Kaufmann、Meir Bialer、Jakob Avi Shimshoni、Marshall Devor、Boris Yagen

  DOI：10.1021/jm901229s

  日期：2009.11.26

  Valproic acid (VPA, 1) is a major broad spectrum antiepileptic and central nervous system drug widely used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraine. VPA’s clinical use is limited by two severe and life-threatening side effects, teratogenicity and hepatotoxicity. A number of VPA analogues and their amide, N-methylamide and urea derivatives, were synthesized and evaluated in animal models of

  丙戊酸（VPA，1）是主要的广谱抗癫痫药和中枢神经系统药物，广泛用于治疗癫痫，双相情感障碍和偏头痛。VPA的临床使用受到两种严重且危及生命的副作用，致畸性和肝毒性的限制。合成了许多VPA类似物及其酰胺，N-甲基酰胺和尿素衍生物，并在神经性疼痛和癫痫的动物模型中进行了评估。其中，两种酰胺和两种尿素衍生物（1）作为抗神经痛药的效价最高，酰胺（19和20）的ED 50值分别为49和51 mg / kg，尿素衍生物的ED 50值为49和74 mg / kg。 （29和33）。19，20，和29是等效于加巴喷丁，用于治疗神经性疼痛的主要药物。这些数据表明上述新型化合物作为用于治疗神经性疼痛的未来药物开发的候选物的巨大潜力。
• Analogs of isovaleramide, a pharmaceutical composition including the same, and a method of treating central nervous system conditions or diseases
  申请人：Artman D. Linda

  公开号：US20060025477A1

  公开（公告）日：2006-02-02

  An isovaleramide analog having at least one of an increased potency, an increased half-life, and an increased stability compared to isovaleramide. The isovaleramide analog is a cyclic analog or a noncyclic analog. The isovaleramide analog is formulated into a pharmaceutical composition. A method of treating a central nervous system condition or disease is also disclosed. The method comprises administering an isovaleramide analog to a patient suffering from the central nervous system condition or disease.

  一种异戊酰胺类似物，相比异戊酰胺，至少具有增强的效力、延长的半衰期和增强的稳定性中的一种。该异戊酰胺类似物是环状类似物或非环状类似物。该异戊酰胺类似物被制成药物组合物。还揭示了一种治疗中枢神经系统疾病或疾病的方法。该方法包括向患有中枢神经系统疾病或疾病的患者施用异戊酰胺类似物。
• Grignard reagent–acid chloride condensation in the presence of copper(<scp>I</scp>) chloride. A study of structural effects by direct and competition methods
  作者：John Anthony MacPhee、Michel Boussu、Jacques-Emile Dubois

  DOI：10.1039/p29740001525

  日期：——

  The copper(I) chloride catalysed reaction between a Grignard reagent and an acid chloride in ether has been studied by using a competition method in which a pair of acid chlorides reacts with a single Grignard reagent, and by direct kinetic experiments in one case. The variation of relative rates produced by structural changes in the alkyl group of the acid chloride has been shown to correlate with

  已经通过使用竞争方法研究了格氏试剂与醚中的酰氯之间的氯化铜（I）催化反应，在竞争方法中，一对酰氯与单一格氏试剂反应，并且在一种情况下通过直接动力学实验。酰基氯的烷基结构变化所产生的相对速率的变化已表明与塔夫脱极性参数σ*相关，但与空间参数E S无关（对于EtMgBr，ρ* = 2·96； 6 ·01卜吨CH 2 MGCI; 12·7卜吨氯化镁）; 这与这种对空间效应具有显着敏感性的未催化反应相反。这些结果与环状过渡态一致，在该环状过渡态中，氯化铜从酰氯中被取代而不添加羰基，这是通过混合的铜酸盐（I）中间体[RCuX] – MgX +或疏松的RCu⋯MgX 2络合物实现的。
• Hexahydronaphthalene ester derivatives their preparation and their
  申请人：Sankyo Company, Limited

  公开号：US05827855A1

  公开（公告）日：1998-10-27

  Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a group of formula (II) or (III): ##STR2## R.sup.2 is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl; R.sup.5 is hydrogen or a carboxy-protecting group; R.sup.a is a group of formula --OR.sup.6 ; R.sup.6 is hydrogen; R.sup.6a and R.sup.6b are each hydrogen, a hydroxy-protecting group, alkyl, alkanesulfonyl, halogenated alkanesulfonyl or arysulfonyl, and their salts and esters. Such compounds inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol, and can be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of hypercholesterolemia and of various cardiac disorders.

  化合物的式子（I）：##STR1## 其中R.sup.1代表式子（II）或（III）的基团：##STR2## R.sup.2是烷基，烯基或炔基；R.sup.3和R.sup.4分别是氢，烷基，烯基或炔基；R.sup.5是氢或羧基保护基团；R.sup.a是式子--OR.sup.6的基团；R.sup.6是氢；R.sup.6a和R.sup.6b分别是氢，羟基保护基团，烷基，烷基磺酰，卤代烷基磺酰或芳基磺酰，以及它们的盐和酯。这些化合物抑制胆固醇的合成，可用于治疗和预防高胆固醇血症和各种心脏疾病。

表征谱图