Approximately >90% of copanlisib metabolism is mediated by CYP3A and less than 10% of the drug is metabolized by CYP1A1. The main detectable metabolite is M-1 that retains a comparable pharamcological activity to the parent drug against PI3Kα and PI3Kβ.
Copanlisib is not shown to exhibit mutagenetic actions *in vitro* or *in vivo*. In the repeat dose toxicity studies, copanlisib led to adverse events in the reproductive systems of male and female rats. The effects on male rats included adverse events on the testes (germinal epithelial degeneration, decreased weight, and/or tubular atrophy), epididymides (spermatic debris, decreased weight, and/or oligospermia/aspermia), and prostate (reduced secretion and/or decreased weight). Copanlisib induced adverse events on ovaries (hemorrhage, hemorrhagic cysts, and decreased weight), uterus (atrophy, decreased weight), vagina (mononuclear infiltration), and a dose-related reduction in the numbers of female rats in estrus.
In clinical trials of copanlisib the rates of serum enzyme elevations during therapy ranged from 23% to 25% but were above 5 times the ULN in only 1% to 2%. Instances of clinically apparent liver injury were not reported in prelicensure trials of copanlisib, but the total number of patients exposed was limited. Since its approval and more general use, there have been no published reports of liver injury with jaundice associated with copanlisib therapy. In contrast, idelalisib, another small molecule inhibitor of PI3K, has been linked to instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury some of which have been fatal.
The plasma levels of copanlisib increases in a dose-proportional manner with linear pharmacokinetic properties and no time dependency. Following a steady state exposure at 0.8 mg/kg, the mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of copanlisib is 463 ng/mL with the range of 105 to 1670 ng/mL.
Copanlisib is excreted approximately 50% as unchanged compound and 50% as metabolites in humans. After a single intravenously-administered dose of 12mg radiolableled drug, approximately 64% of the dose is excreted in feces and 22% is excreted in urine within 20 to 34 days. Unchanged copanlisib represented approximately 30% of the administered dose in feces and 15% in urine. Metabolites resulting from CYP450-mediated oxidation metabolism accounted for 41% of the administered dose.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
分布容积
体外
The *in vitro
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
清除
几何平均清除率为17.9 L/小时(范围:7.3至51.4;标准差:8.5)。
The geometric mean clearance is 17.9 (range: 7.3 to 51.4; SD: 8.5) L/hr.