2,4-dithio-5-nitropyrimidine | 14623-57-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机1,3-偶极化合物 - 烯丙基型1,3-偶极有机化合物
• 英文名称: 2,4-dithio-5-nitropyrimidine
• 英文别名: 5-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dithione；5-Nitro-1H-pyrimidin-2,4-dithion；5-nitro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedithione；5-Nitropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dithione；5-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dithione
• CAS: 14623-57-5
• 化学式: C₄H₃N₃O₂S₂
• 分子量: 189.219
• InChiKey: STAKIXGTVYGYMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.3
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  134
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,4-dithio-5-nitropyrimidine 在 sodium hydroxide 、 sodium dithionite 作用下， 生成 5-amino-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dithione
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Conditioning of Skeletal Muscles in Adult and Old Mice for Protection From Contraction-Induced Injury

  摘要：

  The purpose of this study was to design a conditioning program that protected muscles in both adult and old mice from a protocol of contractions that previously caused a significant number of damaged fibers and a deficit in force, Hind-limb dorsiflexor muscles of adult (7 months) and old (22 months) female B6D2F1 mice were exposed once a week to a protocol of repeated forced stretches while maximally activated in vivo. By week 4, muscles of adult, but not old, mice showed no force deficit. Conditioning was continued for 6 weeks, when both age groups showed no force deficit for two consecutive weeks. Three days after the sixth contraction protocol, when morphological damage and force deficits are most severe, the numbers of damaged fibers in muscles of adult and old mice were not different from those in uninjured control muscles and the force deficits were reduced dramatically compared with unconditioned muscles. We conclude that muscles of both adult and old mice conditioned successfully, but muscles of old mice conditioned more slowly than those of adult mice.

  DOI：

  10.1093/gerona/56.4.b163
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2,4-二氯-5 硝基嘧啶 在 potassium hydrosulfide 作用下， 生成 2,4-dithio-5-nitropyrimidine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Inoue, Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin, 1958, vol. 6, p. 352,354

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial of Granulocyte‐Macrophage Colony‐Stimulating Factor and Nucleoside Analogue Therapy in AIDS
  作者：Carlos Brites、Mark J. Gilbert、Diana Pedral‐Sampaio、Fabiana Bahia、Celia Pedroso、Ana Paula Alcantara、Maria das Gracas Sasaki、Junisia Matos、Boris Renjifo、Max Essex、James B. Whitmore、Jan M. Agosti、Roberto Badaro

  DOI：10.1086/315901

  日期：2000.11

  Preliminary preclinical and clinical data suggest that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) may decrease viral replication. Therefore, 105 individuals with AIDS who were receiving nucleoside analogue therapy were enrolled in a placebo-controlled, doubleblind study and were randomized to receive either 125 µg/m2 of yeast-derived, GM-CSF (sargramostim) or placebo subcutaneously twice weekly for 6 months. Subjects were evaluated for toxicity and disease progression. A significant decrease in mean virus load (VL) was observed for the GM-CSF treatment group at 6 months (−0.07 log10 vs. −0.60 log10; P = .02). More subjects achieved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—RNA levels <500 copies/mL at ⩽2 evaluations (2% on placebo vs. 11% on GM-CSF; P = .04). Genotypic analysis of 46 subjects demonstrated a lower frequency of zidovudine-resistant mutations among those receiving GM-CSF (80% vs. 50%; P = .04). No difference was observed in the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs) through 6 months or survival, despite a higher risk for OI among GM-CSF recipients. GM-CSF reduced VL and limited the evolution of zidovudine-resistant genotypes, potentially providing adjunctive therapy in HIV disease.

  初步临床前和临床数据表明，粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）可减少病毒复制。因此，105 名正在接受核苷类似物治疗的艾滋病患者被纳入安慰剂对照双盲研究，随机接受 125 µg/m2 的酵母衍生 GM-CSF （沙格拉莫司他）或安慰剂，每周两次皮下注射，持续 6 个月。受试者接受毒性和疾病进展评估。6个月后，GM-CSF治疗组的平均病毒载量（VL）明显下降（-0.07 log10 vs. -0.60 log10; P = .02）。更多受试者在⩽2次评估时达到了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）-RNA水平<500拷贝/毫升（安慰剂组为2%，GM-CSF组为11%；P = .04）。对46名受试者进行的基因型分析表明，接受GM-CSF治疗的受试者出现齐多夫定耐药突变的频率较低（80%对50%；P = .04）。尽管接受GM-CSF治疗的患者发生机会性感染（OI）的风险较高，但在6个月内的发病率或存活率方面未观察到差异。GM-CSF降低了VL，限制了齐多夫定耐药基因型的发展，有可能为HIV疾病提供辅助治疗。
• Kondo, Koichi; Komamura, Chiaki; Murakami, Mikio, Synthetic Communications, 1985, vol. 15, # 3, p. 171 - 178
  作者：Kondo, Koichi、Komamura, Chiaki、Murakami, Mikio、Takemoto, Kiichi

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• KONDO, KOICHI;KOMAMURA, CHIAKI;MURAKAMI, MIKIO;TAKEMOTO, KIICHI, SYNTH. COMMUN., 1985, 15, N 3, 171-177
  作者：KONDO, KOICHI、KOMAMURA, CHIAKI、MURAKAMI, MIKIO、TAKEMOTO, KIICHI

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Conditioning of Skeletal Muscles in Adult and Old Mice for Protection From Contraction-Induced Injury
  作者：S. V. Brooks、J. A. Opiteck、J. A. Faulkner

  DOI：10.1093/gerona/56.4.b163

  日期：2001.4.1

  The purpose of this study was to design a conditioning program that protected muscles in both adult and old mice from a protocol of contractions that previously caused a significant number of damaged fibers and a deficit in force, Hind-limb dorsiflexor muscles of adult (7 months) and old (22 months) female B6D2F1 mice were exposed once a week to a protocol of repeated forced stretches while maximally activated in vivo. By week 4, muscles of adult, but not old, mice showed no force deficit. Conditioning was continued for 6 weeks, when both age groups showed no force deficit for two consecutive weeks. Three days after the sixth contraction protocol, when morphological damage and force deficits are most severe, the numbers of damaged fibers in muscles of adult and old mice were not different from those in uninjured control muscles and the force deficits were reduced dramatically compared with unconditioned muscles. We conclude that muscles of both adult and old mice conditioned successfully, but muscles of old mice conditioned more slowly than those of adult mice.
• Inoue, Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin, 1958, vol. 6, p. 352,354
  作者：Inoue

  DOI：——

  日期：——