A practical, general and efficient protocol for the catalytic epoxidation of alkenes has been developed. The in situ generation of reactive dioxiranes capable of epoxidizing a variety of alkenes under biphasic conditions has been accomplished using phase transfer catalysts bearing a carbonyl group. Optimal epoxidation conditions employ 10 mol % of 1-dodecyl-1-methyl-4-oxopiperidinium triflate (8d(+)OTf(-)) in a CH2Cl2/pH 7.5-8.0 biphase using potassium monoperoxosulfate (Oxone) as the oxidant. Optimization of the conditions identified (1) slow addition rate, (2) pH 7.5-8.0, (3) N-dodecyl chain, and (4) the triflate salt as key experimental and structural variables. A selection of nine olefins was successfully oxidized to the corresponding epoxides in 83-96% yield.
A practical, general and efficient protocol for the catalytic epoxidation of alkenes has been developed. The in situ generation of reactive dioxiranes capable of epoxidizing a variety of alkenes under biphasic conditions has been accomplished using phase transfer catalysts bearing a carbonyl group. Optimal epoxidation conditions employ 10 mol % of 1-dodecyl-1-methyl-4-oxopiperidinium triflate (8d(+)OTf(-)) in a CH2Cl2/pH 7.5-8.0 biphase using potassium monoperoxosulfate (Oxone) as the oxidant. Optimization of the conditions identified (1) slow addition rate, (2) pH 7.5-8.0, (3) N-dodecyl chain, and (4) the triflate salt as key experimental and structural variables. A selection of nine olefins was successfully oxidized to the corresponding epoxides in 83-96% yield.
Aza-Michael Reactions in Ionic Liquids. A Facile Synthesis of β-Amino Compounds
作者:J. S. Yadav、B. V. S. Reddy、A. K. Basak、A. V. Narsaiah
DOI:10.1246/cl.2003.988
日期:2003.11
Electron-deficient olefins undergo smoothly aza-Michael reactions with a wide range of amines in ionic liquids in the absence of any acid catalyst to produce the corresponding β-amino compounds in excellent yields with high 1,4-selectivity. The recovered ionic liquids can be reused in subsequent reactions without loss of activity. Owing to the high polarity of ionic liquids, the enones show enhanced reactivity thereby reducing reaction times and improving the yields significantly.
Carbon dioxide as a reversible amine-protecting agent in selective Michael additions and acylations
作者:Annelies Peeters、Rob Ameloot、Dirk E. De Vos
DOI:10.1039/c3gc40568k
日期:——
solution of a sufficiently basic primary amine at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This reaction is employed for the protection of the amine functionality in several reactions at room temperature where inter- or intramolecular selectivity is desired. The concept is demonstrated for the selective Michael additions to methyl acrylate of a normally less reactive sulfonamide in the presence of a strong
Uncatalyzed, green aza-Michael addition of amines to dimethyl maleate
作者:Giovanna Bosica、Anthony John Debono
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2014.06.124
日期:2014.9
Dimethylmaleate was found to be a very reactive and selective acceptor for the aza-Michael addition in comparison to other commonly used electron-deficient alkenes. It reacts efficiently with a variety of aliphatic amines in complete absence of any catalyst and solvent at room temperature. Under these environmentally-friendly conditions, high yields of selectively mono-adducts were obtained within
Aza-Michael reaction: selective mono- versus bis-addition under environmentally-friendly conditions
作者:Giovanna Bosica、Jonathan Spiteri、Caroline Borg
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2014.02.021
日期:2014.4
Aza-Michael reactions between primary amines and methyl propenoate have been investigated under environmentally-friendly solventless heterogeneous catalysis in order to obtain the mono- or the bis-adduct. The reaction conditions can be altered so as to maximise the yields of the required product with high selectivity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Catalytic Epoxidation of Alkenes with Oxone
作者:Scott E. Denmark、David C. Forbes、David S. Hays、Jeffrey S. DePue、Richard G. Wilde
DOI:10.1021/jo00110a049
日期:1995.3
A practical, general and efficient protocol for the catalytic epoxidation of alkenes has been developed. The in situ generation of reactive dioxiranes capable of epoxidizing a variety of alkenes under biphasic conditions has been accomplished using phase transfer catalysts bearing a carbonyl group. Optimal epoxidation conditions employ 10 mol % of 1-dodecyl-1-methyl-4-oxopiperidinium triflate (8d(+)OTf(-)) in a CH2Cl2/pH 7.5-8.0 biphase using potassium monoperoxosulfate (Oxone) as the oxidant. Optimization of the conditions identified (1) slow addition rate, (2) pH 7.5-8.0, (3) N-dodecyl chain, and (4) the triflate salt as key experimental and structural variables. A selection of nine olefins was successfully oxidized to the corresponding epoxides in 83-96% yield.