(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(1S,2S,7S,10R,11S,14S,15R,16S,17S,20S,23S)-10,14,16,20-tetramethyl-22-azahexacyclo[12.10.0.02,11.05,10.015,23.017,22]tetracos-4-en-7-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | 51938-42-2

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 类固醇和类固醇衍生物
• 英文名称: (2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(1S,2S,7S,10R,11S,14S,15R,16S,17S,20S,23S)-10,14,16,20-tetramethyl-22-azahexacyclo[12.10.0.02,11.05,10.015,23.017,22]tetracos-4-en-7-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
• CAS: 51938-42-2
• 化学式: C₄₅H₇₃NO₁₅
• 分子量: 868.1
• InChiKey: ZGVSETXHNHBTRK-SMQJHKSSSA-N

物化性质

• 颜色/状态：
  SLENDER NEEDLES FROM 85% ALC
• 溶解度：
  DECOMP ABOUT 212 °C; USUALLY AMORPHOUS & GUMMY BUT HAS BEEN CRYSTALLIZED; SOL IN WATER /SOLANINE HYDROCHLORIDE/
• 旋光度：
  SPECIFIC OPTICAL ROTATION: -60 DEG @ 20 °C/D (PYRIDINE)
• 解离常数：
  PK @ 15 °C= 6.66; K= 2.2X10-7

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.8
• 重原子数：
  61
• 可旋转键数：
  8
• 环数：
  9.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.96
• 拓扑面积：
  241
• 氢给体数：
  9
• 氢受体数：
  16

ADMET

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

低浓度的α-茄碱刺激了培养的人类成纤维细胞的生长，而较高浓度（大于30微克/毫升）则具有显著的抑制作用。放射自显影研究表明，细胞生长的刺激是由于G1期的缩短。用高剂量的α-茄碱处理的细胞的福尔根显微密度测量显示G2期细胞异常积累。由于α-茄碱对细胞生长的刺激或抑制作用，它可能作为人类致畸剂。

LOW CONCN OF ALPHA-SOLANINE STIMULATED THE GROWTH OF CULTURED HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, WHILE HIGHER CONCN (GREATER THAN 30 MUG/ML) HAD A MARKEDLY INHIBITORY EFFECT. AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDIES INDICATED THAT THE STIMULATION OF CELL GROWTH WAS DUE TO A SHORTENING OF THE G1 PHASE. FEULGEN MICRODENSITOMETRY OF CELLS TREATED WITH HIGH DOSES OF ALPHA-SOLANINE REVEALED AN ABNORMAL ACCUM OF CELLS IN G2. BY VIRTUE OF EITHER ITS STIMULATORY OR ITS INHIBITORY EFFECT ON CELL GROWTH, ALPHA-SOLANINE COULD ACT AS A HUMAN TERATOGEN.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

发芽土豆的摄入已被描述为致命中毒，但土豆中通常的浓度（小于0.01%）没有毒性意义。

FATAL POISONING HAS BEEN DESCRIBED FROM THE INGESTION OF SPROUTING POTATOES, BUT THE USUAL CONCN IN POTATOES (LESS THAN 0.01%) HAS NO TOXIC SIGNIFICANCE.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

/SOLANINE/...对消化道粘膜产生直接刺激作用，并且一旦被吸收进入血液，会引起红细胞的溶血。它还会产生中枢神经系统的兴奋随后是抑制，抑制呼吸和运动中枢，并且在大量摄入的情况下，会导致心脏骤停。

/SOLANINE/...EXERTS A DIRECT IRRITANT EFFECT ON THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF THE ALIMENTARY TRACT AND, ON ABSORPTION INTO THE BLOOD STREAM, BRINGS ABOUT HEMOLYSIS OF THE RED CELLS. IT ALSO PRODUCES CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION FOLLOWED BY DEPRESSION, DEPRESSION OF THE RESP AND MOTOR CENTERS AND, IN LARGE DOSES, CARDIAC ARREST.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

土豆摄入中毒的类型包括：1）神经型，主要表现为昏迷和抑郁症状；这通常与2）胃型一起出现，其特征是流涎、呕吐、腹泻和其它胃肠道刺激的迹象；以及3）发疹型，伴随溃疡性口炎、结膜炎、腹泻和腿部出现水泡和鳞片状湿疹。

...TYPES OF POISONING FROM INGESTION OF POTATOES: 1) A NERVOUS FORM IN WHICH SIGNS OF STUPOR AND DEPRESSION PREDOMINATE; THIS IS USUALLY SEEN TOGETHER WITH 2) THE GASTRIC TYPE, CHARACTERIZED BY SALIVATION, VOMITING, DIARRHEA AND OTHER SIGNS OF GI IRRITATION; AND 3) AN EXANTHEMATOUS FORM, ASSOC WITH ULCERATIVE STOMATITIS, CONJUNCTIVITIS, DIARRHEA AND A VESICULAR AND SCURFY ECZEMA OF THE LEGS.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

在马、牛、猪和家禽中，由于摄入马铃薯导致的神经型中毒似乎最为常见；最常见的症状是迟钝、虚脱和对环境完全漠不关心。

IN HORSES, CATTLE, PIGS AND POULTRY, THE NERVOUS TYPE /OF POISONING FROM INGESTION OF POTATOES/ APPEARS TO PREDOMINATE; DULLNESS, PROSTRATION AND TOTAL INDIFFERENCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT BEING THE MOST COMMON SIGNS.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)