Focused library development of 2-phenylacrylamides as broad spectrum cytotoxic agents
作者:Mark Tarleton、Lauren Dyson、Jayne Gilbert、Jennette A. Sakoff、Adam McCluskey
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.003
日期:2013.1
With our lead compound (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-pyrrole-2-carbonyl)acrylonitrile (1) inducing 50% growth inhibition of 11 cancer cell lines at 27-61 mu M, potency enhancements were rapidly established through the synthesis of a series of focused compound libraries. Six highly focused libraries (46 compounds in total) were synthesised. Each library allowed the identification of a new lead compound, viz Library A identified (E)-3-(pentafluorophenyl)-2-(1H-pyrrole-2-carbonyl) acrylonitrile (11) and (E)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-(1H-pyrrole-2-carbonyl) acrylonitrile (13) as inhibitors with improved cytotoxicity. Synthesis of discrete libraries of amidoacrylamide analogues (Ar-C=C(CN)-A(sic)Ar-C=C(CN)-C(=O)NH)-Ar) resulted in a series of analogues significantly more potent that the lead, 1. Three furan three analogues: (E)-3-(5-chlorofuran-2-yl)-2-cyano-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)acrylamide (33), (E)-3-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-2-cyano-N-(4-methoxybenzyl) acrylamide (34) and (E)-2-cyano-3-(furan-3-yl)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)acrylamide (37) returned broad spectrum growth inhibition (GI(50) values of 5-16 mu M). Replacement of the furan moiety with simple aromatics gave an additional three analogues: (E)-2-cyano-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-phenylacrylamide (39), (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyano-N-(4-methoxybenzyl) acrylamide (41) and (E)-2-cyano-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(naphthalen-1-yl)acrylamide (45) with GI(50) values of 7-24 mu M. The final library retained the aromatic substituents but introduced a 3,4-dichlorbenzylamine moiety to afford the 1-naphthyl substituted 52, which was the most potent broad spectrum cytotoxic analogue produced here in with an average GI(50) = 8.6 mu M. This represents a fivefold potency enhancement relative to 1 and a new cytotoxic scaffold suitable for further development. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Chemoselective flow hydrogenation approaches to isoindole-7-carboxylic acids and 7-oxa-bicyclio[2.2.1]heptanes
作者:L. Hizartzidis、M. Tarleton、C. P. Gordon、A. McCluskey
DOI:10.1039/c3ra47657j
日期:——
nitrile reduction was achieved in the presence of furan moieties by employing a RANEY® nickel catalyst. In total, 31 reaction conditions were examined using less than 200 mg of reagents allowing optimised conditions to be efficiently determined. These optimised hydrogenation conditions afforded desired analogues in near quantitative yields thus removing the requirements of reaction workup and chromatography